Chapter 2

Question 1

Computer architecture

Answer 1

Arithmetic/logic unit - Contains circuitry that performs operations on data

Control unit - Coordinating the machines activities

Register unit - Contains data storage cells, called registers, that are used for temporary storage of information within the CPU

Question 2

Machine instruction categories

Answer 2

• Data transfer instructions move data from one location to another.
• Arithmetic/logic instructions tells the control unit to request an activity within the arithmetic/logic unit.
• Control instructions direct the computation of the program rather than the manipulation of data.

Question 3

Machine instruction

Answer 3

instruction encoded as a bit patterns recognized by the CPU

Question 4

Machine language

Answer 4

the set of all machine instructions recognized by the CPU

Question 5

RISC

Answer 5

Is a machine that is designed to have a minimal amount of machine instructions. The technology is supposed to be more efficient, fast, and less expensive.

Question 6

CISC

Answer 6

Is a CPU designed with more complex instructions that can better cope with the ever-increasing complex abilities of today’s software. Is more powerful.

Question 7

Machine instruction examples

Answer 7

• Data transfer instructions: LOAD-instructions move data from memory to the CPU, and STORE-instructions move data from the CPU to memory.
• Arithmetic/logic instructions: the arithmetic operation ADD, and the Boolean operation AND.
• Control instructions: JUMP-instructions which direct the CPU to execute another than the next instruction.