chapter 2

Question 1

what is a computer

Answer 1

data processing devices

Question 2

what are the 4 major functions of a computer

Answer 2

input, process, output, storage

Question 3

what is input function

Answer 3

1. gather data
2. allows users to enter data

Question 4

what is process function

Answer 4

manipulates, calculates, organises data into info

Question 5

what is output function

Answer 5

1. displays data in a suitable form for users

Question 6

what is the storage function

Answer 6

saves data and information for later use

Question 7

what is data

Answer 7

representation of fact, figure or idea
can be a number, word, picture, sound

Question 8

what is information

Answer 8

data orgnanized or presented in meaningful fashion

Question 9

binary language

Answer 9

only 2 digits: 0 and 1
called binary digit or bit
put together = bytes
0= no electric current
1= electric current

Question 10

what are bytes

Answer 10

combination of bites
can be small or large
always 8 bits series

Question 11

what are bytes stored in

Answer 11

hardware and software

Question 12

what is hardware

Answer 12

any part of computer you can physically touch

Question 13

what is software

Answer 13

set of computer programs making hardware perform various tasks.

Question 14

what are the 2 types of software

Answer 14

application software and system software

Question 15

what is application software

Answer 15

set of programs used on a computer helping to carry out tasks

Question 16

what is the most common type of system software

Answer 16

operating system

Question 17

what is distributed computing

Answer 17

putting your computer to work while you sleep

Question 18

what are the 2 basic types of computers

Answer 18

portable and stationary

Question 19

what are the 5 different types of portable computers

Answer 19

tablet computer
laptop or notebook computer
ultrabook
2-in-1 pc
chrome book

Question 20

what is a mainframe

Answer 20

large expensive computer supporting many users simultaneously

Question 21

what is a supercomputer

Answer 21

specially designed computer that can perform complex calculations really fast

Question 22

what is an embedded computer

Answer 22

special computer chip residing in other device

Question 23

what is an input device

Answer 23

lets you enter data and instructions into computer

Question 24

what does wireless technology use

Answer 24

radio frequency, a radio transmitter sending signals by device or bluetooth

Question 25

what are toogle keys

Answer 25

keys whose function changes between 2 options

Question 26

what is near field communication (NCF)

Answer 26

connects devices by proximity of each other

Question 27

what is a resistive system

Answer 27

maps exact location of pressure point

Question 28

what is capacitive system

Answer 28

uses change in electrical charge on panel to generate a location

Question 29

surface acoustic wave system

Answer 29

display's software translates touch to operating system

Question 30

microphone types

Answer 30

1. close talk 2. omnidirectional 3. unidirectional 4. clip-on

Question 31

omnidirectional microphone

Answer 31

picks up sound from all directions

Question 32

unidirectional microphone

Answer 32

picks up sound from one direction

Question 33

4 types of monitors

Answer 33

1. liquid crystal display 2. light-emitting diode 3. legacy technology 4. organic light-emitting diode displays

Question 34

pixels

Answer 34

millions of tiny dots illuminated by light waves by fluorescent panel at back of screen

Question 35

6 aspects to consider when shopping for monitor

Answer 35

1. aspect ratio 2. screen resolution 3. contrast ratio 4. viewing angle 5. brightness 6. response time

Question 36

2 types of printers

Answer 36

1. nonimpact printer 2. impact printer

Question 37

3 specialty printers

Answer 37

1. all-in-one printer 2. large format printer 3. thermal printer

Question 38

4 things to consider when choosing printer

Answer 38

1. speed 2. resolution 3. color output 4. cost of consumables

Question 39

motherboard

Answer 39

main circuit board containing central electronic components of computer

Question 40

network interface card

Answer 40

enables coputer to connect with others or cable modern for high-speed internet. can also use usb

Question 41

random access memory (RAM)

Answer 41

where data and programs are stored in the computer bunch of small cards plugged in slots called memory cards

Question 42

read-only memory (ROM)

Answer 42

permanent storage containing info about start up about computer

Question 43

volatile storage and nonvolatile storage

Answer 43

RAM is temporary, ROM is permanent

Question 44

cache memory

Answer 44

auxiliary memory from which high-speed retrieval is possible

Question 45

central processing unit (CPU or processor)

Answer 45

brains of computer controlling all functions by computer's other components processing all commands issued by software can perform many tasks simultaneously

Question 46

what is CPU measured in

Answer 46

hertz

Question 47

machine cycle

Answer 47

processing of CPU getting data or instructions from RAM

Question 48

internal hard drive

Answer 48

system unit holding all stored programs and data

Question 49

drive bay

Answer 49

permanent storage devices located in desktop or laptop

Question 50

2 types of drive bays

Answer 50

internal and external drive bays

Question 51

port

Answer 51

place where peripheral device attaches to computer so data can be exchanged

Question 52

what does usb stand for

Answer 52

universal serial bus

Question 53

connectivity port

Answer 53

gives access to internet and networks called ethernet port

Question 54

power supply

Answer 54

transforms voltages required by computer chips

Question 55

cold boot

Answer 55

powering computer from a completely turned off state

Question 56

sleep mode

Answer 56

keeps data in RAM so when computer is restarted its quickly accessible

Question 57

hibernate

Answer 57

similar to sleep mode, but data stored on hard drive

Question 58

warm boot

Answer 58

restarting system while its powered

Question 59

BIOS

Answer 59

basic input output system

Question 60

POST

Answer 60

power on self test

Question 61

ergonomics

Answer 61

how you set up computer and equipment