Chapter 2 Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
a.c.
A
before meals
2
Q
ad lib.
A
As needed
3
Q
aq.
A
Water
4
Q
b.i.d.
A
Twice a day
5
Q
BP
A
Blood pressure
6
Q
CDC
A
Center for disease control and prevention
7
Q
ECG, EKG
A
Electrocardiogram
8
Q
Dx
A
Diagnosis
9
Q
lab
A
Laboratory
10
Q
MIS
A
minimally invasive surgery
11
Q
MRI
A
magnetic resonance imaging
12
Q
MRI
A
magnetic resonance imaging
13
Q
MRSA
A
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
14
Q
NIH
A
National institute of health
15
Q
NPO
A
nothing by mouth
16
Q
OD
A
overdose
17
Q
P
A
pulse
18
Q
p.o.
A
Orally
19
Q
p.r.n.
A
As needed
20
Q
q.
A
Every
21
Q
R
A
respiration
22
Q
Rx
A
Prescription
23
Q
staph
A
Staphylococcus
24
Q
stat,
A
Immediately
25
strep
streptococcus
26
T
Temperature
27
Tx
treatment
28
t.i.d.
Three times a day
29
US
ultrasound
30
WHO
World Health Organization
31
WNL
within normal limits
32
Disease
Change in normal structure and function of the body that has specific cause, distinct symptoms, and is generally associated with a change in structure, changes can be measured, seen and diagnosed, change in structure
33
Disorder
The irregularity or disturbance of a normal function, does not alter overall structure
34
Categorization of disease
1. Timeline, 2. Based on structure or function, 3. Based on cause
35
Acute
Relatively short course
36
Chronic
Persisting over a long time
37
Organic diseases
Associated with physical changes in organs or tissues
38
Funcional disorders
No physical structural change
39
Causes of disease
Infectious, genetic, traumatic, degenerative, neoplastic, metabolic, inflammatory
40
Infectious
Disease causing organisms
41
Genetic
Inherited
42
Traumatic
Caused by injury
43
Degenerative
Caused by deteriorating structure/function over time
44
Neoplastic
Caused by malignancies (excess growth/division, tumor formation)
45
Metabolic
Caused by changes in metabolic processes
46
Inflammatory
Caused by prolonged inflammation or when the immune system attacks itself
47
Idiopathic disease
Develops without apparent cause
48
Iatrogenic disorder
Unfavorable response to medical treatment or medical errors
49
Nosocomial infections
Hospital-acquired infections
50
Congenital conditions
Existing at or before birth
51
Protozoa
Single celled eukaryotes, can be parasitic (giardia, malaria)
52
Causes of infections disease
Protozoa, viruses, fungi, bacteria
53
Bacilli
Rod shaped
54
Cocci
Spherical- shaped
55
Spirochetes (strept/o)
Spiral-shaped
56
Staphyl(o)
Grape-like cluster
57
Prions
Transmissible proteins that induce incorrect folding of other proteins (rare)
(Creutzfeldt-Jakob)
58
Angiosoma
Benign tumor made of blood or lymph vessels
From combining form angi(o) and suffix -oma
Usually at or near surface of skin and benign
59
Xanth(o)
Yellow
60
Diagnosis (Dx)
The identification of a disease or condition by scientific evaluation of signs, symptoms (Sx), history, tests, procedures
61
Signs
Objective, definitive evidence of an illness or disordered function
Ex. Edema, color change, -rrhage (fluid discharge)
62
Symptoms
Subjective, perceived by patient
Ex. Pain
63
Syndrome
Collection of signs and symptoms that characterize a disease
64
Basic examination procedures
Used to assess a patient’s condition
65
Vital signs
Pulse rate, respiration, body temperature, blood pressure, pulse oximetry
BROTH
66
Pulse (P)
Heart rate in bpm
67
Respiration (R)
Number of breaths per minute
68
Body Temperature (T)
Measured via thermometer
69
Blood pressure
Measured via sphygmomanometer
70
Pulse oxymetry
Measures the percent saturation of oxygen in blood bound to Hb
71
BROTH
Blood pressure, respiration, oxygen saturation, temperature, heart rate
72
Types of thermometers
Tympanic, rectal, oral, axillary
73
Physical examination
Investigation to determine health state, uses inspection, palpation, percussion, ascultation
74
Inspection
Eyes to observe patient
75
Palpation
Feeling texture, size, consistency of body parts with hands
76
Percussion
Tapping body parts to evaluate internal organs and amounts of fluid and body cavities
77
Auscultation
Listening to sounds within the body to evaluate organs or to detect fatal heart sounds
78
Electrocardiography
Recording electoral impulses of heart
79
Otoscopy
Examination of inner ear with otoscope
80
Ophthalmoscopy
Examination of interior eye with an ophthalmoscope
81
Endoscopy
Measuring a cavity with an endoscope
82
Catheters
Used to draw or instill fluids, perform tests, or visualize cavities
83
Diagnostic radiology
Branch of medicine concerned with X-rays and radioactive substances, and diagnosis/treatment using radiant energy
84
Radiopaque
Does not allow light to pass through
85
Radiolucent
Allow passage of light
86
Ultrasound (sonography, ultrasonography)
Sound to detect structures in body especially soft tissue, low detail but cost effective and quick
87
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
Creates images based on stimulating protons and measuring energy released when the protons reset to their normal state, more detailed visualization of dot tissue, more detailed than CT but takes longer
88
CT Scan (3D X-ray)
Computed tomography, essentially a more power X-ray that can take 360 degree images, for bone fractures, tumors, and to find internal bleeding
89
Treatment, therapy (Tx)
Care and management of a patient to combat or prevent disease
90
Chemotherapy
Treatment by chemical agents, systemic
91
Systemic treatment
Targets entire body
92
Radiotherapy
Treatment using ionizing radiation, targets specific areas of body
93
Analgesic
Pain reliever drugs
94
Antiseptic
Inhibit growth of microorganisms, without necessarily killing them
95
Amniocentesis
Surgical puncture of amnion to to identify genetic defects in fetus
96
Coloplexy
Surgical fixation of the colon to the body wall to prevent a volvulus (twisting of colon around itself, common in dogs and horses
97
Osteotomy
Cutting of bone
98
Rhinoplasty
Surgical repair of nose
