Chapter 4 Terms

Question 1

Functions of cardiovascular system

Answer 1

Circulates blood, delivers nutrients to cells, removes waste products

Question 2

Path of blood flow

Answer 2

RA > RV > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > LA > LV > aorta > arteries/arterioles > capillaries > venules/veins > vena cava

Question 3

Review heart and vessel anatomy

Answer 3

Do it

Question 4

Diagnostic procedures for heart rate

Answer 4

Stethoscope, pulsations of arteries

Question 5

Measuring blood pressure

Answer 5

Sphygmomanometer

Question 6

Diagnostic tests for cardiovascular disorders and disease

Answer 6

Lab tests for fat and cardiac enzyme content, chest x-ray, treadmill exercise test

Question 7

Arrhythmias/dysrythmias

Answer 7

Tachycardia, bradycardia, ventricular and atrial fibrillations

Question 8

Ischemia

Answer 8

Reduced blood flow to heart

Question 9

Myocardial infarction

Answer 9

Heart attack

Question 10

Congestive heart failure

Answer 10

Heart weakens over time

Question 11

Atherosclerosis

Answer 11

Plaque in arteries

Question 12

Thrombosis

Answer 12

Blood clots

Question 13

Stroke

Answer 13

Disrupted blood flow to brain

Question 14

Thrombotic stroke

Answer 14

Blood clot blocks blood flow to brain

Question 15

Embolic stroke

Answer 15

Fatty plaque or blood clot breaks away and flows to brain where it blocks and artery

Question 16

Cerebral hemorrhage

Answer 16

Ruptured blood vessel (aneurism) causes leaking blood in brain

Question 17

Aneurism

Answer 17

Widening of artery or vein that may burst

Question 18

Surgical and therapeutic interventions for cardiovascular pathologies

Answer 18

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cardiac pacemakers, balloon angioplasty (improves blood flow by flattening plaque with balloon catheter), intracoronary stents (supports inside of vessels and keeps them open)

Question 19

Beta blockers

Answer 19

Lower heart rate by blocking beta adrenergic receptors (prevents epinephrine and norepinephrine from binding), drugs ending in olol

Question 20

Statins

Answer 20

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, lower cholesterol, end in -statin

Question 21

Nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate)

Answer 21

Induce vasodilation to increase blood flow

Question 22

Lymphatic system functions

Answer 22

Maintain internal fluid environment by circulating proteins and tissue fluids to blood, helps with absorption of fats into bloodstream, helps defend body against microorganisms and disease

Question 23

Components of lymphatic system

Answer 23

Lymph (fluid), lymph nodes with lymphocytes, spleen, thymus, tonsils

Question 24

Spleen

Answer 24

Immune cell production and destruction, blood storage

Question 25

Thymus

Answer 25

Gland, T cell maturation

Question 26

Tonsils

Answer 26

Prevent infection in the body

Question 27

Lymphatic tests and procedures

Answer 27

Studied by: Lymphangiography (CT scans, MRI), biopsies (diagnostic for spread of cancer), blood tests (diagnostic for immune conditions

Question 28

Lymphedema

Answer 28

Swelling Primary lymphedema: mal development of lymphatic system, results in swelling, shows up at birth Acquired lymphedema: due to trauma to lymphatic ducts

Question 29

Lymphoma

Answer 29

Cancer in lymphatic system

Question 30

Lymphangitis

Answer 30

Inflammation of lymphatic system due to bacterial infection, treated with antibiotics and heat soaks

Question 31

Lymphadentitis

Answer 31

Inflammation of a lymph node

Question 32

Lymphadectomy

Answer 32

Excision of a lymph node