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Human A+P > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

4 most important elements in the body

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

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2
Q

5 main elements in the body

A

Ca P K Na Cl

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3
Q

5 trace elements

A

Si F Cu Mn Zn

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4
Q

Isotopes

A
  • different number of neutrons

* changes mass

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5
Q

Ions

A
  • Different number of electrons

* change in charge

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6
Q

Ionic bonds are held together by

A

Trading electrons

Gain electrons

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7
Q

Covalent bonds are held together by

A

Electron sharing

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8
Q

Important properties of water due to hydrogen bonding

A
  • high surface tension
  • resists evaporation
  • helps shape proteins and DNA
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9
Q

Exergonic

A

Releases energy

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10
Q

Endergonic

A

Takes in energy

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11
Q

Enzyme

A

Protein that promotes chemical reactions by by lowering the activation energy

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12
Q

Pathway

A

Complex reactions that require multiple steps, intermediates, and enzymes

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13
Q

Nutrient

A

Essential molecules obtained from the food you eat

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14
Q

Metabolites

A

All the molecules that can be used in chemical reactions in your body

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15
Q

Organic v inorganic compounds

A

Organic contain carbon inorganic primarily made of something else

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16
Q

Important properties of water

A
  • solubility
  • reactivity
  • lubrication
  • high heat capacity
17
Q

pH

A

The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

18
Q

Acid

A

Compounds that release H+ when dissociated

19
Q

Bases

A

Compounds that remove H+ from a solution by releasing OH-

20
Q

Salt

A

Ionic compound that doesn’t contain H+ or OH-

21
Q

Buffer

A

Compound that stabilizes pH

22
Q

Carbohydrate monomer unit example, and function

A
  • monosaccharide
  • glycogen
  • short term energy storage
23
Q

Lipid monomer unit, example, and function

A
  • triglyceride
  • fats
  • long term energy storage
24
Q

Protein monomer unit, example, and function

A

Amino acids
Enzyme
Catalyze reactions

25
Nucleus acid monomer unit, example, and function
Nucleotide DNA Code for protein synthesis
26
Molecule
When atoms of the same type bond
26
Compounds
When different types of atoms bond
26
Hydrogen bond
When a slightly positive hydrogen is attracted to a slightly negative oxygen on a different molecule
26
Colloids
Aqueous solution with big particles that dont settle out
26
Suspension
Solution containing large molecules that will eventually settle out
26
Electrolytes
Dissociated ions that carry a charge that are important for body signaling
26
Acid range
0-6
27
Base range
8-14
28
Normal blood ph
7.35-7.45
29
Acidosis
Blood ph gets too low
30
Alkadosis
Blood ph gets too high

Human A+P (18 decks)

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