Flashcards in Chapter 2 KTR Deck (28)
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Legislative Branch
-Makes laws
-Bicameral legislation
-Under Article I
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House of Representatives
-Based on population, voice of common man
-25 years old and citizen for 7
-Term lasts for 2 years
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Senate
-30 years old, citizen for 9
-Term lasts for 7 (more elite)
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Executive Branch
-Executed laws, sometimes ends up with decision-making power, makes laws/policies
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President
-Serve unlimited 4 year terms
-Elected by Electoral College (Citizens vote for slate of electors, in turn cast vote for candidates 6 weeks after gen. elections)
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Executive Branch:
Section I
-Four years term, manner of election
-Qualifications: President must be 35, resident for 14
-VP serves if Pres. can't
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Executive:
Section II
-Established powers, President is commander in chief of armed forces/state militia when serving nation
-Can grant pardons
-With 2/3 is Senate, can make treaties
-With majority vote, appoints ambassadors, ministers, consuls, Supreme Court justicesx other officials
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Section III
-President tells Comgress how country is doing
-Proposes solution
-Calls Congress into session if needed
-Receives ambassadors, public officials, executive laws, commissions military
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Section IV
President, Vice President, and other officers can be tried, impeached, and convicted
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Judicial Branch
-Power to interpret laws, judge if they have been broken
-Review: Allows Supreme Court to rule that an act of Congress is unconstitutional, can nullify legislation
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Checks and Balanced:
Legislative
Judicial: Eliminate or refuse to create federal courts, impeach/remove judges, refuse to confirm judicial appointments (Senate), set number of justices on Supreme Court
Executive: Fail to pass bills, override presidential veto, refuse to confirm administrative/judicial appt., impeach/try/remove prez, ratify treaties, not fund
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Checks and Balances:
Executive
Legislative: Veto legislation, call special sessions of Congress, propose laws to Congress, issue executive agreement with foreign nations
Judicial: Grant pardons; appoint judges
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Judicial
Executive: Declare executive orders unconstitutional, judges cannot be removed by president
Legislative: Declare laws unconstitutional
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Amendability (types and process)
-Founders provides method of amendment
-2/3 vote in Congress
-National convention called by Congress at request of 2/3 of state legislature
-Legislature in 3/4 states
-Ratifying conventions in 3/4 states
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French and Indian War
-Forced French out of North America, Spanish to vacate Florida/retreat west of Miss.
-Fought by British to defend colonies
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Confederation
-Power to establish/direct armed forces, coin money, enter treaties
-Established a system in which wah stage would retain most all of its power; run collectively
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Shay's Rebellion
-1786, mobs of Mass. farmers (in debt) marched to interrupt trials to prevent land from being confiscated
-1787: Attack on Springfield, tried to open armory
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Federalism
Government is given own source of central power
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Federalists
-Wealthy elite, sided with Federalism
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Virginia Plan
-Created by James Madison: preference of large, most populous states
-Strong national government with two legislative houses (one direct, other indirect)
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New Jersey Plan
-William Paterson
-Reinforcement of Articles; multi-person executive, congressional acts supreme law
-One vote per state, delegates chosen by legislatures
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Great Compromise
-Proposed strong government, 2 house legislature (both needed for action)
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Legislature
Body of government that makes laws
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Executive Branch
Sees that laws are carried out
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Electoral College
-Vote for presidential electors
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Federalist Papers
-Series of newspapers written for people to vote for ratification of Constitution
-Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, John Jay
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Judicial Ruke
Supreme Court is allowed to rule that an act of Congress/executive branch is unconstitutional
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