Flashcards in Chpt. 2 Vocab KTR Deck (17)
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1
Confederation
Established system in which each state retains almost all power to do as it wills; state is sovereign to federal government
2
Federalism
Gives central government its own source of power; also gives independent power to the states
3
Federalist
-Generally wealthy elite; wanted strong government to ensure stability/protect property
-Virginia Plan
4
Anti-Federalists
-Strong-state, weak-central-government option
-New Jersey Plan
5
Virginia Plan
-Created by James Madison; Edmund Randolph endorsed it
-Large, populous state; proposed strong national government run by two legislative houses (directly by people, other combination of state legislatures)
6
New Jersey Plan
-Reinforcement of Articles of Confederation
-Multiperson executive, state would have one vote, delegates chosen by state legislature
7
Great Compromise
-Proposed strong federal structure headed by central government; power to tax citizens, regulate commerce, conduct foreign affairs, organize military, and exercise other central powers
-Single executive; House of Reps, Senate two votes
8
Three-Fifths Compromise
-Formula developed by Confederation Congress to allocate tax assessments
-Each slave count as three-fifths of a person (ALL other persons who are not free)
9
Separation of Powers
-Legislative, executive, and judicial powers are not exercised by same person or group of people
10
Checks and Balances
-Allows each branch to police the others
11
Bicameral Legislature
-Both houses must agree to all legislation
-House: 25, 7 years; last 2 years; based on population
-Senate: 30, 9; last 6 years; election by state legislature
12
Electoral College
-Intermediary body that selects president
-Citizens vote for slate of electors, cast vote for candidates 6 weeks prior to general election
13
Judicial Review
-Allows Supreme Court to rule that an act of Congress on executive is unconstitutional
14
Amendability
-Founders provided method for amendment
-Amendment proposed by 2/3 of Houses in Congress or convention called by Congress with 2/3
-Approved by legislature in 3/4 of states or ratifying conventions in 3/4 of states
15
The Federalist Papers
-Written by Publius; actually written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay
-Purpose was to convince readers of purpose of federalist government
16
Factions
-Groups of people motivated by a common interest; however different from country as a whole
-Problematic when they are in the majority
17
