Chpt. 2 Vocab KTR Flashcards
(17 cards)
Confederation
Established system in which each state retains almost all power to do as it wills; state is sovereign to federal government
Federalism
Gives central government its own source of power; also gives independent power to the states
Federalist
- Generally wealthy elite; wanted strong government to ensure stability/protect property
- Virginia Plan
Anti-Federalists
- Strong-state, weak-central-government option
- New Jersey Plan
Virginia Plan
- Created by James Madison; Edmund Randolph endorsed it
- Large, populous state; proposed strong national government run by two legislative houses (directly by people, other combination of state legislatures)
New Jersey Plan
- Reinforcement of Articles of Confederation
- Multiperson executive, state would have one vote, delegates chosen by state legislature
Great Compromise
- Proposed strong federal structure headed by central government; power to tax citizens, regulate commerce, conduct foreign affairs, organize military, and exercise other central powers
- Single executive; House of Reps, Senate two votes
Three-Fifths Compromise
- Formula developed by Confederation Congress to allocate tax assessments
- Each slave count as three-fifths of a person (ALL other persons who are not free)
Separation of Powers
-Legislative, executive, and judicial powers are not exercised by same person or group of people
Checks and Balances
-Allows each branch to police the others
Bicameral Legislature
- Both houses must agree to all legislation
- House: 25, 7 years; last 2 years; based on population
- Senate: 30, 9; last 6 years; election by state legislature
Electoral College
- Intermediary body that selects president
- Citizens vote for slate of electors, cast vote for candidates 6 weeks prior to general election
Judicial Review
-Allows Supreme Court to rule that an act of Congress on executive is unconstitutional
Amendability
- Founders provided method for amendment
- Amendment proposed by 2/3 of Houses in Congress or convention called by Congress with 2/3
- Approved by legislature in 3/4 of states or ratifying conventions in 3/4 of states
The Federalist Papers
- Written by Publius; actually written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay
- Purpose was to convince readers of purpose of federalist government
Factions
- Groups of people motivated by a common interest; however different from country as a whole
- Problematic when they are in the majority
Bill of Rights
-List of protections against government infringement
