Chapter 20

Question 1

The failure of the heart to pump efficiently, leading to excessive blood or fluid in the lungs, the body, or both

Answer 1

Congestive heart failure

Question 2

Shortness of breath; labored or difficulty breathing

Answer 2

Dyspnea

Question 3

Diseases that affect the arteries of the heart

Answer 3

Coronary artery disease

Question 4

A blanket term used to represent any symptoms related to lack of oxygen in the heart muscle (ischemia)

Answer 4

Acute coronary syndrome

Question 5

The dilation, or ballooning, of a weekend section of the wall of an artery

Answer 5

Aneurysm

Question 6

Pain in the chest, which occurs when blood supply to the heart is reduced in the portion of the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen

Answer 6

Angina pectoris

Question 7

The condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation; often called a heart attack by laypersons

Answer 7

Acute myocardial infarction

Question 8

When the heart rate is slow, usually below 60 bpm

Answer 8

Bradycardia

Question 9

The heart and blood vessels make up what?

Answer 9

Cardiovascular system

Question 10

Disturbance in heart rate and rhythm

Answer 10

Dysrhythmia

Question 11

A cardiac arrest that occurs within two hours of the onset of symptoms; the patient may have no prior symptoms of coronary artery disease

Answer 11

Sudden death

Question 12

Swelling resulting from a buildup of fluid in the tissues

Answer 12

Edema

Question 13

Accumulation of fluid in the lungs

Answer 13

Pulmonary edema

Question 14

A medication that dilates the blood vessels

Answer 14

Nitro

Question 15

Accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles

Answer 15

Pedal edema

Question 16

O’clock formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of an artery or vein

Answer 16

Thrombus

Question 17

A condition in which the hearts electrical impulses are disorganized, preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally

Answer 17

Ventricular fibrillation

Question 18

Blockage, As of an artery by fatty deposits

Answer 18

Occlusion

Question 19

A condition in which the hearts electrical rhythm remains relatively normal, yet the mechanical pumping activity fails to follow the electrical activity, causing cardiac arrest

Answer 19

Pulseless electrical activity

Question 20

Blockage of the vessel by a clock or foreign material brought to the site by the blood current

Answer 20

Embolism

Question 21

A condition in which the heart has ceased generating electrical impulses

Answer 21

Asystole

Question 22

A condition in which the heartbeat is quite rapid; if rapid enough, it will not allow the hearts chambers to feel with enough blood between beats to produce bloodflow sufficient to meet the body needs

Answer 22

Ventricular tachycardia

Question 23

Acute coronary syndrome is a blanket term that refers to what?

Answer 23

Anytime the heart may not be getting enough oxygen

Question 24

In addition to chest pain or discomfort, the patient with cardiac compromise will also complain of what?

Answer 24

Dyspnea

Question 25

what is the maximum number of doses routinely given by the EMT of Nitro

Answer 25

Three

Question 26

In order for nitro to be used the patient’s blood pressure must be greater or lower than 100 systolic

Answer 26

Greater

Question 27

If the patient’s blood pressure falls below 100 systolic after the EMT has administered Nitro PMT should do what?

Answer 27

Treat for shocking transport promptly

Question 28

Is nitro appropriate or a patient with an obvious head injury and altered mental state?

Answer 28

No

Question 29

After administering nitro what is it important to assess

Answer 29

Vital signs

Question 30

What percentage of patients who experience a cardiac arrest have no previous history of cardiac problems

Answer 30

25%

Question 31

With the five links in the chain of survival

Answer 31

Early access
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Advanced care
And post resuscitation care