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Med Micro Exam 3 > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the route of transmission for microbial diseases of the digestive system?

A

fecal oral route

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2
Q

What is included in the GI tract?

A

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

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3
Q

What is included in the Accessory organs?

A

teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas

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4
Q

Where is the main place normal flora is found?

A

In large intestine, like E. coli

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5
Q

What is Dental Caries?

A

tooth decay

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6
Q

What bacteria causes dental caries?

A

S. mutans

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7
Q

What causes plaque?

A

an accumulation of microorganisms

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8
Q

What are treatments for cavities?

A

penicillin, root canal if necessary

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9
Q

How can you prevent cavities?

A

brushing, flossing, getting regular professional dental cleanings

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10
Q

What is Peridontal Disease?

A

inflammation and degeneration of structures that support the teeth.

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11
Q

Define Gingivitis.

A

inflammation of the gums (typically more superficial); common symptom is bleeding while brushing teeth

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12
Q

Define Periodontitis.

A

chronic Gingivitis that leads to tooth loss at an older age.

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13
Q

Infection

lower digestive system

A

colonization, penetration, and multiplication of microorganisms in intestinal mucose cell; may be enterotoxins; may be septicemia; S. typhi; E. coli

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14
Q

Intoxication

lower digestive system

A

preformed toxin, ingested, S. aureus; sudden diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting

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15
Q

What causes Staphylococcal food poisoning?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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16
Q

How can you kill the toxin in Staphylococcal food poisoning?

A

heat stable; boil for 30 mins

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17
Q

What is the incubation period for Staphylococcal food poisoning?

A

1-6 hrs

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18
Q

What are the symptom of Staphylococcal food poisoning?

A

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

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19
Q

Staphylococcal food poisoning is self limiting meaning….

A

it goes away on it’s own after 24 hrs.

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20
Q

All Salmonella are considered ___________.

A

pathogenic

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21
Q

There are ____ types of Salmonella.

A

2543

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22
Q

What kind of food is Salmonella gotten from?

A

meat products, eggs

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23
Q

__ degrees Celsius destroys all Salmonella organisms.

A

68

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24
Q

Typhoid fever is caused by what?

A

Salmonella typhi

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25
How can Typhoid fever be prevented?
proper sewage treatment (not often found in developed countries)
26
What is the treatment for Typhoid fever?
3rd generation Cephalosporins
27
What bacteria is causes Bacillary Dyscentery?
Shigella dyscentery
28
What is the main difference between diarrhea and dyscentery?
diarrhea- watery feces | dyscentery- mucousy, bloody feces
29
What causes Cholera?
Vibriocholerae; a Gram - curved rod.
30
In Cholera an __________ is produced.
enterotoxin
31
What is the treatment for Cholera?
rehydration and Tetracycline
32
What is the mortality rate if Cholera goes untreated?
50%
33
What is Vibrio Parahemolyticus Gastroenteritis?
Seafood borne food poisoning
34
What are symptoms of Vibrio Parahemolyticus Gastroenteritis?
abdominal pain, vomiting, stomach burning, watery stool
35
What is Vibrio Vulnificus?
Seafood borne illness also, 50% death rate
36
*List the 5 pathogenic E. Coli*
1. Enterotoxigenic E. Coli 2. Enteroinvasive E. Coli 3. Enteropathogenic E. Coli 4. Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli 5. Attaching Effacing E. Coli
37
Why is Enterohemorrhagic E. coli so serious?
Because it contains verotoxins which kills kidney cells.
38
50-60% of pathogenic E. Coli is Primary Traveller's Diarrhea, also called?
Enterotoxigenic E. Coli
39
What two kinds of E. Coli are often found in small children?
1. Enteroinvasive E. Coli | 2. Enteropathogenic E. Coli
40
How can pathogenic E. Coli be prevented?
sanitation, water treatment
41
What does Helicobacter Pylori cause?
stomach ulcers and stomach cancer
42
Yersinia enterocolilica gastroenteritis has a gram __ rod.
negative
43
Clostridium perfringens is what?
gram + , sporing, rod, anaerobic
44
Type A enterotoxin is...
meat borne
45
Mumps is caused by what RNA virus?
Paramyxovirus
46
What is the mode of transmission for Mumps?
respiratory
47
What is the incubation period of Mumps?
16-18 days
48
What are the symptoms of Mumps?
fever, swelling of parotid glands, painful swallowing, sterility in both males and females
49
How can Mumps be prevented?
with the MMR vaccine
50
What family is Hepatitis in?
the enterovirus family
51
Hepatitis A is an RNA virus that is...
an infectious hepatitis
52
What is the route of transmission for hepatitis A?
fecal-oral route
53
What is the Incubation Period for Hepatitis A?
2-3 weeks
54
Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis A?
Yes
55
What is Hepatitis B?
A milder, enveloped, DNA virus
56
What is the mode of transmission for Hep B?
blood or bodily fluid transfer
57
What are the Symptoms of Hep B? | same as Hep A
anorexia, malaise, nausea, diarrhea, abd. discomfort, fever, chills, jaundice
58
Is there a vaccine for Hep B?
Yes
59
Hep B causes what type of cancer?
liver cancer
60
Hepatitis C is the most serious of the 3 and is what?
A single stranded RNA virus
61
What is the mode of transmission for Hep C?
blood transfusion, IV drug use, occupational
62
What is Rotavirus?
a double stranded RNA virus
63
Rotavirus is most common among...
those under 1 year of age
64
What are symptoms of Rotavirus?
diarrhea, low fever, vomiting
65
What are the treatments for Rotavirus?
rehydration, and a vaccination
66
What is Norovirus?
Norwalk Agent Gastroenteritis; causes adult diarrhea; but also found in children
67
What protozoa is responsible for Giardiasis?
Giardia lamblia
68
What is the mode of transmission for Giardiasis?
waterborne
69
What is the reservoir for Giardiasis?
Beavers
70
What are symptoms of Giardiasis?
prolonged diarrhea, nausea, flatulence, weight loss, cramps
71
What causes Amoebic dyscentery?
Entamoeba histolytica
72
What serious symptom can happen in Amoebic dyscentery?
may cause intestinal wall perforation
73
What causes Cryptosporidiosis?
Cryptosporidium parvum
74
What is the mode of transmission for Cryptosporidiosis?
water borne
75
What are reservoirs for Cryptosporidiosis?
calves
76
Cryptosporidiosis are....
zoonotic
77
Beef tapeworm
Taenia saginata
78
Pork tapeworm
Taenia solium
79
What 3 kinds of worms are caused by Nematods infections?
1. pinworms 2. hookworms 3. ascariasis

Med Micro Exam 3 (10 decks)

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