Chapter 27 Bowel needs

Question 1

Colostomy

Answer 1

A surgically created opening between the colon and the body’s surface

Question 2

Constipation

Answer 2

The passage of a hard, dry stool

Question 3

Defecation

Answer 3

The process of excreting feces from the rectum through the anus, BM

Question 4

Dehydration

Answer 4

A decrease in the amount of water in the body

Question 5

Diarrhea

Answer 5

The frequent passage of liquid stools

Question 6

Enema

Answer 6

The introduction of fluid into the rectum and lower colon

Question 7

Fecal impaction

Answer 7

The prolonged retention and buildup of feces in the rectum

Question 8

Fecal incontinence

Answer 8

The inability to control the passage of feces and flatus through the anus

Question 9

Feces

Answer 9

The semi-solid mass of waste products in the colon that is expelled through the anus, stool

Question 10

Flatulence

Answer 10

The excessive formation of gas or air in the stomach and intestines

Question 11

Flatus

Answer 11

Gas or air passed through the anus

Question 12

Ileostomy

Answer 12

A surgically created opening between the ileum and body’s surface

Question 13

Melena

Answer 13

A black, tarry stool

Question 14

Ostomy

Answer 14

A surgically created opening that connects an internal organ to the body’s surface

Question 15

Suppository

Answer 15

A cone-shaped, solid drug that is inserted into a body opening, it melts at body temp.

Question 16

Observe stools, report and record:

Answer 16

• color
• amount
• the presence of mucus
• signs of bleeding
• odor
• shape and consistency
• the time the person had BM
• number and frequency of BMs
• complains and discomfort

Question 17

Factors affecting BM

Answer 17

• privacy
• habits
• diet - high fiber foods
• diet - other foods
• fluids
• activity
• drugs
• disability
• aging

Question 18

Common problems with BM

Answer 18

• constipation
• fecal impaction
• diarrhea
• fecal incontinence
• flatulence

Question 19

Common causes of constipation:

Answer 19

• low-fiber diet
• ignoring the urge to have a BM
• decreased fluid intake
• inactivity
• drugs
• aging
• certain diseases

Question 20

Causes of fecal incontinence

Answer 20

• intestinal diseases
• nervous system diseases and injuries
• fecal impaction
• some drugs
• chronic illness
• aging
• mental health disorders or dementia
• unanswered call lights
• not getting to the bathroom on time
• problems removing clothes
• not finding the bathroom

Question 21

Signs and symptoms of fecal impaction

Answer 21

• trying many times to have a BM
• abdominal distention
• nausea
• cramping
• rectal pain
• poor appetite
• confusion
• fever

Question 22

Causes of flatulence

Answer 22

• swallowing air while eating and drinking
• bacterial action in the intestines
• gas-forming foods
• constipation
• certain digestive disorders
• bowel and abdominal surgeries
• drugs that decrease peristalsis

Question 23

What helps expell flatus

Answer 23

• exercise
• walking
• moving in bed
• left side-lying position

Question 24

Enemas are ordered to:

Answer 24

• remove feces
• relieve constipation, fecal impaction, or flatulence
• clean the bowel of feces before certain surgeries

Question 25

Tap water enema

Answer 25

is obtained from a faucet

Question 26

Saline enema

Answer 26

a solution of salt and water 1-2 tsp of table salt are added to 500-1000 mL of tap water

Question 27

Soapsuds enema SSE

Answer 27

for adults, 3-5 mL of castile soap is added to 500-1000 mL of tap water

Question 28

Small-volume enema

Answer 28

the enema solution is in a bottle and ready to give

Question 29

Oil-retention enema

Answer 29

contains oil to soften feces and lubricate the rectum

Question 30

Ileostomy what type of stool?

Answer 30

liquid stool because water is not absorbed cause the colon was removed

Question 31

Ostomy pouches are changed every

Answer 31

every 2 - 7 days and when it leaks