Chapter 27 test

Question 1

Douglas MacArthur

Answer 1

Supreme Commander and head of the U.S. forces that helped administer Japan after the war

Question 2

Zaibatsu

Answer 2

Huge, family-run corporations that were broken up during the U.S. occupation of Japan

Question 3

The Nuremberg trials established the principle that

Answer 3

Individuals can be held responsible for their wartime conduct

Question 4

Nuremberg

Answer 4

Site of trials holding individuals responsible for war crimes

Question 5

Klaus Barbie

Answer 5

Butcher of Lyons who fled to Latin America to avoid prosecution

Question 6

The United Nations was created to

Answer 6

Promote international peace

Question 7

Trygve Lie

Answer 7

First secretary general of the United Nations

Question 8

The G.I. Bill of Rights, passed in 1944 provided

Answer 8

Financial assistance to returning veterans

Question 9

Veterans were encouraged to

Answer 9

Attend college, but homes, and start business under the G.I. Bill of Rights

Question 10

All of the following were true of the postwar American economy

Answer 10

1. High prices
2. Increased production
3. Heavy consumer spending

Question 11

After World War II one of the greatest economic problems affecting the United States was

Answer 11

Inflation

Question 12

Taft Hartley Act

Answer 12

Passed by Congress in 1947 to limit union activities

Question 13

The Committee of Civil Rights set up to examine racism and violence included

Answer 13

Sadie Alexander

Question 14

Racial discrimination in the military was banned when

Answer 14

African Americans threatened civil disobedience

Question 15

The Dixiecrats, a group of Southern Democrats who supported racial segregation, were led by

Answer 15

Strom Thurmond

Question 16

In 1948 a major issue dividing the Democratic Party was

Answer 16

Civil rights

Question 17

Fair Deal

Answer 17

Truman’s program for domestic reform

Question 18

Cold War

Answer 18

U.S. Soviet conflict fueled in part by mutual distrust and conflicting political systems

Question 19

The Cold War grew out of

Answer 19

1. Fear of Soviet expansion
2. Economic conflicts between the U.S. and the Soviet Union
3. Mutual fear and distrust

Question 20

Satellite nations

Answer 20

Countries in Eastern Europe under the Soviet control

Question 21

Winston Churchill coined the term Iron Curtain to refer to

Answer 21

The growing division between Western and Eastern Europe

Question 22

George Keenan

Answer 22

State Department official who developed doctrine that aimed to restrict Soviet expansion

Question 23

Atomic Energy Act

Answer 23

Placed Atomic Energy Commission under civilian control

Question 24

The U.S. policy of helping nations resist conquest by other countries was known as

Answer 24

The Truman Doctrine

Question 25

Providing Europe with financial aid to combat the spread of communism as part of

Answer 25

The Marshall Plan

Question 26

National Security Council

Answer 26

Advises the president on strategic matters

Question 27

Investigations by the House Committee on Un-American Activities resulted in

Answer 27

The black listing of the Hollywood ten

Question 28

The Internal Security Act

Answer 28

Required members of get U.S. Communist Party to register with the government

Question 29

The Soviet takeover of Eastern Europe led the U.S. to adopt a policy of

Answer 29

Containment

Question 30

Zionism

Answer 30

Movement calling for Jewish homeland in Palestine

Question 31

David Ben-Gurion

Answer 31

Zionist activists who became the first prime minister in Israel

Question 32

Ralph Bunche

Answer 32

First African American to win a Nobel Peace Prize

Question 33

The Arab-Israeli War led to

Answer 33

1. Egyptian control of the Gaza Strip 2. A divided Jerusalem 3. Increases in Israeli-held territory

Question 34

Long March

Answer 34

Led to establishment of strong northern base for Chinese Communists

Question 35

In 1949 the Nationalist Party retreated to Taiwan

Answer 35

Leaving China under the control of Mao Zedong

Question 36

38th parallel

Answer 36

Border between North Korea and South Korea

Question 37

Kim II Sung

Answer 37

As leader of North Korea, limited freedom of speech but expanded education and women’s rights

Question 38

Dean Acheson

Answer 38

Defined America’s defensive perimeter against spread of communism in Asia

Question 39

The Korean War began when

Answer 39

North Korea invaded South Korea

Question 40

During the Korean War

Answer 40

1. Douglas MacArthur was removed from his post 2. China supported North Korea 3. UN Secretary Council called for support for South Korea