chapter 28.1

Question 1

a layer extending an average of 12 km above Earth’s surface.

Answer 1

Troposphere

Question 2

occurs when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

Answer 2

Temperature Inversion

Question 3

a natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they absorb and emit infrared radiation

Answer 3

Greenhouse effect

Question 4

How is the Earth’s atmosphere layers divided?

Answer 4

differences in composition and temperature

Question 5

Which gas makes up the majority of the atmosphere?

Answer 5

Nitrogen - 78%

Question 6

Which gas makes up 21% of the atmosphere?

Answer 6

oxygen

Question 7

What is the remaining 1% of gases in the atmosphere?

Answer 7

Trace gases, majority argon

Question 8

In the troposphere does temperature increase or decrease?

Answer 8

Decrease

Question 9

How many layers are in Earth’s atmosphere?

Answer 9

5

Question 10

What are the names of the atmosphere layers, closest to furthest?

Answer 10

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere

Question 11

Which layer is the ozone layer found in?

Answer 11

Stratosphere

Question 12

Within the mesosphere does the temperature increase or decrease with altitude?

Answer 12

Decrease

Question 13

Does the Thermosphere and the Exosphere affect the weather?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

Where does 100% of solar radiation come from?

Answer 14

Sun

Question 15

How much solar radiation is absorbed by Earths surface?

Answer 15

50%

Question 16

How much solar radiation is reflected off of Earth’s surface?

Answer 16

5%

Question 17

How much radiation is absorbed by particles in the atmosphere?

Answer 17

20%

Question 18

How much solar radiation is reflected back by clouds and other particles?

Answer 18

25%

Question 19

What are the 3 basic cloud types?

Answer 19

Stratus, Cumulus, and cirrus

Question 20

Describe stratus clouds?

Answer 20

layered, sheet like clouds

Question 21

Describe cumulus clouds?

Answer 21

Puffy

Question 22

Describe Cirrus clouds?

Answer 22

wispy, high altitude clouds

Question 23

What is the process called where water moves from the land to the atmosphere and eventually comes back to the land?

Answer 23

Water Cycle

Question 24

What are the steps of the water cycle.

Answer 24

evaporation,condensation, precipitation, run off, transpiration, and infiltration

Question 25

a narrow band of fast moving, high altitude air

Answer 25

Jet Stream

Question 26

the apparent deflection of an object due to Earth's rotation

Answer 26

Coriolis Effect

Question 27

a large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout

Answer 27

Air Mass

Question 28

air masses interact in zones

Answer 28

Weather Front

Question 29

How many jet streams are in the world?

Answer 29

4

Question 30

How many pressure systems are there?

Answer 30

2

Question 31

What is a low pressure system known as

Answer 31

Low (L)

Question 32

Which way did the air flow from the pressure system?

Answer 32

Counter clockwise

Question 33

What are some results of a low pressure system?

Answer 33

cloud formation and precipitation

Question 34

What is a high pressure system known as

Answer 34

High (H)

Question 35

Which way does a high pressure system rotate?

Answer 35

clockwise

Question 36

What is the result of a high pressure system

Answer 36

causes the air to sink, which results in clear skies

Question 37

What are the 4 weather fronts

Answer 37

cold, warm, stationary, and occluded

Question 38

How is the cold front created

Answer 38

forces warm air upward in fast and chaotic manner

Question 39

How is a cold front represented on a weather forecast

Answer 39

Blue triangle

Question 40

How are warm fronts created

Answer 40

warm air rises gently above cold air

Question 41

How is warm fronts represented on a weather forecast

Answer 41

red semi-circles

Question 42

How are stationary fronts created

Answer 42

cold and warm air meet and last for days

Question 43

How are stationary fonts represented on a weather forecast

Answer 43

semi-circles and triangles alternate

Question 44

How are occluded fronts created

Answer 44

A fast moving cold front overtakes a slow warm front

Question 45

A climate that is strongly affected by an ocean

Answer 45

Maritime Climate

Question 46

A climate that is not directly affected by an ocean

Answer 46

Continental Climate

Question 47

Blows from over the water toward land in the afternoon, when the land is warmer than the water

Answer 47

Sea Breeze

Question 48

What is climate?

Answer 48

long-term average of weather conditions

Question 49

What is weather?

Answer 49

day to day outside conditions

Question 50

What are the five spheres that make up Earth's system?

Answer 50

Atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere

Question 51

What is the atmosphere?

Answer 51

The air we breath

Question 52

What is the biosphere?

Answer 52

everything organic

Question 53

What is the hydrosphere?

Answer 53

liquid water

Question 54

What is the cryosphere?

Answer 54

frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers

Question 55

What is the lithosphere?

Answer 55

Earth's outermost layer

Question 56

What is the primary factor that influences climate at any given location?

Answer 56

Latitude

Question 57

Where is solar radiation the most intense on Earth's surface?

Answer 57

the equater

Question 58

At what angle does the sun rays hit the tropical zone?

Answer 58

90 degrees

Question 59

At what angle does the sun rays hit the temperate zone?

Answer 59

45 degrees

Question 60

At what angle does the sun rays hit the polar zones?

Answer 60

30 degrees

Question 61

What other factors determine climate?

Answer 61

Precipitation, mountains, and body's of water

Question 62

On the windward side, what are the conditions like?

Answer 62

cool, wet, and has lots of vegetation

Question 63

On the leeward side, what are the condition like?

Answer 63

warm,dry, and little to none vegetation

Question 64

What is land breeze?

Answer 64

a breeze blowing toward the sea from the land, especially at night

Question 65

What type of climate zone and vegetation does Lamar have?

Answer 65

warm, semi arid, and grassland

Question 66

An increase in the average temperatures of Earth's near surface air and oceans

Answer 66

Global Warming

Question 67

the warming of the pacific ocean off the coast of western south america that occurs every 3 to 10 years

Answer 67

El Nino

Question 68

which occurs when trade winds in the pacific are unusually strong and surface water is colder than normal

Answer 68

La Nina

Question 69

What are the two changes that Earth's climate undergoes?

Answer 69

seasonal and long term

Question 70

How do seasonal changes happen?

Answer 70

the tilt and how the Earth rotates around the sun

Question 71

Which hemisphere experiences summer?

Answer 71

The hemisphere tilted towards the sun

Question 72

Whats the time period called where most of earths surface was covered in ice

Answer 72

Ice Age

Question 73

How long ago did Earth's weather become pattern?

Answer 73

3, 000 years ago

Question 74

What factors could cause a climate change?

Answer 74

Earth's axis, the shape of the orbit, and the distance from the sun

Question 75

What are some human factors that can change climate?

Answer 75

energy consumption, deforestation, industrial and agricultural practice

Question 76

What is deforestation?

Answer 76

the clearing of large areas of forest land

Question 77

a round, three dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions

Answer 77

Sphere

Question 78

an elongated, closed curve with two Foci

Answer 78

Ellipse