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EFRS Class 159 > Chapter 29 Vehicle Extrication and Stabilization > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Vehicle Extrication and Stabilization Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

What is the inner circle? and what factors influence its size?

A

Inner Circle - varies in diameter relative to the vehicle(s) involved. Factors that influence the size of the inner circle are the number of patients, the degree of entrapment,
number and size of vehicles, and other hazards. Always check for hazards underneath the car(s) & all around the vehicles.

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2
Q

How should fire apparatus be positioned at the scene of a motor vehicle collision?

A

At the scene of a motor vehicle collision position the apparatus so that it protects the scene from oncoming traffic but still allows at least one lane of traffic to flow (if safe to do so). At the same time, make sure the truck is close enough to access equipment but far enough away that it does not interfere with extrication.

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3
Q

Situations that fire fighters at the scene of a collision may have to deal with are:

A

Fire suppression
Entrapment
Rescue
Control of hazardous materials
Crowd control

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4
Q

Fire fighters at the scene of a MVC must take time to observe what? (7)

A

Potential traffic hazards
Types of vehicles involved
Positioning of the vehicles
Fire potential
Involvement of hazardous materials
Utilities involved
Need for additional resources.

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5
Q

3 Methods You can access patients trapped within a vehicle

A

Through an operating door,
Through a window, and
By cutting through the body of the vehicle.

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6
Q

What are the three collision zones?

A

Hot – action/inner circle
Warm – outer circle
Cold – command/staging

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7
Q

How do you disarm an electrically operated air bag?

A

Electrically operated air bags are designed to turn off by disconnecting the electrical supply.

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8
Q

How do you disarm a mechanically operated air bag?

A

Mechanically operated air bags are disarmed by disconnecting the sensor and the inflation unit.

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9
Q

List two dangers/problems associated with disarming air bags.

A
  1. Electrically operated bags can deploy even after the engine power is turned off, the battery is disconnected and the reserve power supply has drained.
  2. The method of disconnecting mechanically operated air bags varies with each type of vehicle.
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10
Q

List seven general safety precautions to follow when using extrication equipment. (11)

A
  1. Carry tools and tool combinations in the safest possible manner
  2. Exercise extreme caution in potentially explosive environments
  3. Store equipment properly when not in use
  4. Use equipment within its limitations
  5. Do NOT make modifications to the equipment
  6. Check equipment for wear
  7. Keep tools in a constant state of readiness
  8. Wear protective gear
  9. Match the tool to the job at hand
  10. Keep unprotected people away from the work area
  11. Remain alert to hidden hazards
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11
Q

Lifting bags require a secondary means of support. (T/F)

A

True.

Lifting bags require a secondary means of support.

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12
Q

Exercise care with where you employ the lifting bags. (T/F)

A

True.

Exercise care with where you employ the lifting bags.

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13
Q

Compressed oxygen supplies can safely be used to power pneumatic tools. (T/F)

A

False.

Do not use compressed oxygen supplies to power pneumatic tools.

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14
Q

A burst hydraulic hose under pressure is an inconvenience but is not life threatening. (T/F)

A

False.

If hydraulic fluid under pressure penetrates the skin, it could be life threatening.

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15
Q

Hydraulic hoses provide a simple handle for carrying hydraulic tools. (T/F)

A

False.

Never carry hydraulic tools by their hoses, as this could compromise the hose connection to the tool.

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16
Q

All hose connections should be checked before operating hydraulic tools (T/F)

A

True.

All hose connections should be checked before operating hydraulic tools.

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17
Q

Glass removal is the easiest way to gain access to patients trapped within a vehicle. (T/F)

A

False.

Operating doors are the easiest way to gain access.
Glass removal is the second easiest way to gain access.

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18
Q

A door that will not open on first attempt is structurally damaged and must be forced. (T/F)

A

False.

The door may simply be locked - Try unlocking the door before forcing it.

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19
Q

The floor is one of the best ways to access patients. (T/F)

A

False.

The floor is the weakest part of the car but it is also one of the most
difficult parts to access.

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20
Q

Glass and single layers of sheet metal allow easier access than areas composed of reinforced steel. (T/F)

A

True.

Glass and single layers of sheet metal allow easier access than areas composed of reinforced steel.

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21
Q

Tempered glass consists of a plastic laminate sheet between two sheets of glass. (T/F)

A

False.

Safety or laminated glass consists of a plastic laminate sheet inserted between two sheets of glass.

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22
Q

Tempered glass is designed to break into tiny pieces rather than into long, sharp shards. (T/F)

A

True.

Tempered glass is designed to break into tiny pieces rather than into long, sharp shards.

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23
Q

How are hydraulic tools powered?

A

Hydraulic tools are powered by electrical, gas-powered or compressed air-powered pumps that feed hydraulic fluid to the tool through special hoses.

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24
Q

What are four types of hydraulic tools?

A

Spreaders, shears, combination spreader shears, and extension rams.

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25
List the four types of cutting tools and an example of each.
Chopping Tools – axes, adzes, picks Snipping Tools – shears, tin snips, bolt cutters, wire cutters Saws – hacksaw, keyhole saw, carpenter’s saw Knives – Pocket-knife, seatbelt knife, linoleum knife, razor knife
26
How long will a 2216 psi air bottle last when using it as the air supply for a pneumatic chisel?
An air bottle will last 5 – 8 minutes when using it as the air supply for a pneumatic chisel.
27
What are the 10 things that constitute the golden hour
1. Notification 2. Dispatch 3. Response 4. Scene Stabilization 5. Vehicle Stabilization 6. Patient Extrication 7. Patient Packaging 8. Patient Transport 9. Stabilization in the emergency room 10. Surgical intervention
28
What is the platinum 10 concept
This is being able to remove the patient from the vehicle / entanglement and be enroute to a Trauma Centre within 10 minutes of our arrival on scene
29
Safety can be divided into three categories in order of priority:
1. Rescue personnel safety 2. Scene Safety 3. Patient Safety
30
During the size up, ask yourself:
What has happened? What is happening? What hazards need to be mitigated? What is likely to happen? What resources are needed?
31
Vehicle collisions are classified as five types:
Head-on collision (substantial frontal impact) T-bone collision (broadside impact) Rear-end collision Roll over Rotational
32
Vehicles have three Compartments.
Passenger Compartment Cargo / Storage Compartment Engine Compartment
33
Air Bag Locations
Steering wheel Passenger side dash Side curtain from roof Side impact from seat Side impact from door Knee bags under dash Head protection from “A” post
34
5-10-20 Rule!
5” away from side 10 “from driver 20” from passenger
35
All vehicles, in which any type of __________ (simple to elaborate) is to be performed, must be __________ first. Also, any vehicle at an accident scene that is likely to move in a manner that will be a hazard, needs to be __________ even if no __________ are in the vehicle.
Extrication Stabilized Stabilized Patients
36
__________ is securing a damaged vehicle or object to prevent movement during an incident.
Stabilization
37
Vehicle Movements:
Pitch Roll Yaw Vertical Horizontal
38
Stabilization Tools (11)
1. Chocks 2. Step blocks 3. Cribbing 4. Paratech Pneumatic Struts, Extensions and bases 5. Rachet Straps 6. Tie Down Keys 7. Winches 8. Chain 9. Load Binder 10.Anchor Slings 11. Shackles
39
__________ is constructed by laying pieces of cribbing on their sides in alternating layers until the desired height is reached.
A Box Crib (also called a Crib Stack)
40
Key points when cribbing a vehicle
● Overlap ends of cribbing. (Overlap the timbers equal to the width of a timber) ● Ensure points of contact (cross-points) are in-line with each other all down the stack ● Limit the box crib stack height to 3 times the width of the stack.
41
3 parts of Paratech Vehicle Stabilization Equipment (on Rescues)
Struts Extensions Bases
42
The Paratech struts (with extensions and bases) are rated at __________
20,000 lbs.
43
At what height is the strength of the Paratech struts reduced
At 5’ the strength rating is reduced. There is a sticker on the strut indicating its strength at different lengths.
44
Add extensions as needed however you must not exceed __________ of extensions or __________ extensions of any length (whichever comes first).
3' 2
45
What is the key to using a tensioned buttress system
have the line of force from the buttress on one side to run directly through the line of force on the other side (i.e. directly in line with each other). If the forces are widely out of line the vehicle will not be properly stabilized.
46
what angle should the stabilizing strut be in a tension buttress system
45 -55 degrees to the ground or surface supporting the load.
47
The smaller the __________ __________, the smaller the __________ __________, regardless of the size of the bag.
Contact area lifting force
48
What is the working pressure in the paratech lifting bag
150
49
There is an old saying in lifting operations that holds true today
Lift an inch. Crib an inch.
50
The ram can then be used with whatever struts, extensions or bases needed However...
it is important to remember that the ram acts as 1 extension in the maximum 3 foot or 2 extension rule.
51
Rams can be used much like a pair of stabilizing struts to lift loads. When used like this they need to be at a greater angle to the ground than a stabilizing strut. The angle range is __________
60 - 80 degrees
52
What is the maximum pull of the portable winch and the mounted front winch
portable 3650 kg (8,000 lbs) front winch of 6800 kg (15,000 lbs)
53
While wearing full PPE with eye protection and gloves while covering the patient what should you call before breaking the window?
“BREAKING GLASS”
54
Rescuers must be aware that the electric system contains high voltage as high as __________ and should be cautious when cutting any wires.
650v
55
After disconnecting the battery power is stored for __________ __________ in the SRS system and for __________ __________ in the HV electrical system!!
ninety seconds Five minutes
56
No emergency responder should ever __________ or __________ the metal cover of the high-voltage battery pack.
disassemble remove
57
Do not cut the __________ __________ cable, the __________ __________ cable is a large cable marked with a bright color coating. Yellow, Orange, Blue...
Motor supply High Voltage
58
tools may have different methods of operation such as
Manual/Hand Electrical Pneumatic Battery Operated Hydraulic Gas powered
59
Once rescuers have decided which access method to use in the removal of a victim, the entry point opening must be made. This is done using a variety of tools such as:
Striking tools Prying tools Cutting tools Pushing / Pulling tools Supporting tools
60
in relation to vehicle extrication Prying tools use leverage to open doors, windows and trunk lids, to widen small areas and to lift heavy objects. They include;
Crowbar Halligan Pry bar, Claw tool, Pry axe, Flat bar, Jack-all New York Hook
61
in relation to vehicle extrication Striking Tools consist of a weighted head attached to a handle. They are used alone or with other tools in forcible entry. Examples include;
Sledgehammers Mauls, picks Axes, mallets Hammers Punches, Chisels.
62
in relation to vehicle extrication Cutting tools cut specific types of material. They are limited in their use but very efficient within those limitations.
Chopping Tools – axes, picks, air chisel Snipping Tools – shears, tin snips, bolt cutters, wire cutters, pliers, Holmatro cutters and Combi tool Saws – hacksaw, keyhole saw, carpenter’s saw, reciprocating saw, rotary cutting saw, chain saw Knives – pocket knife, seatbelt knife, linoleum knife, razor knife
63
in relation to vehicle extrication some Pushing/Pulling tools are
Jack all, Rescue winch Air lifting bag Holmatro ● Hydraulic Spreaders ● Hydraulic Cutters ● Hydraulic Ram ● Hydraulic Combi tool
64
in relation to vehicle extrication Supporting tools must be used in conjunction with other tools performing a lifting task or moving materials. Other time they are used to support and to prevent movement. some examples are
Air struts Wood cribbing Step-chucks Wedges Chains Ropes Webbing Anchor slings Jack-all Come-along
65
Safety Procedures for Pneumatic Tools (3)
Do NOT use in or around flammable vapors. Do NOT operate pneumatic tools when the bit is in direct line of personnel. Do NOT ever use compressed oxygen as a means to power the equipment
66
Safety Procedures for Prying tools
Do NOT use as striking tools. Do NOT lengthen handles or otherwise modify. Use the tool most suited to the job.
67
Safety Procedures for Saws
Use the blade designed for the job. Keep the blades sharp and clean. Store the blades in a clean and dry environment, free of hydrocarbon fuel.
68
Safety Procedures for Lifting tools
Plan the lift before you start it. Use a secondary support. Ensure familiarity with the principles, methods, and limitations of the equipment. Have an adequate air supply and cribbing on hand before starting the lift. Position bags on or against a solid surface. Inflate bags slowly and monitor for shifting. Never inflate bags fully unless they are under a load. Do NOT inflate bags against sharp objects. Never work under a load supported by bags alone. Shore up the load adequately to supply support in the event of tool failure. Use a solid top layer when cribbing is used as the secondary support. Keep bags away from hot materials. Never stack bags more than two high. Inspect bags regularly and remove damaged bags from service. Centre bags with the smaller bag on top. Remember that stacked bags only lift the capacity of the lowest rated bag. Always follow manufacturer’s instructions as well as department SOP’s
69
Safety Procedures for Manually Operated or Powered Hydraulic Tools
Before operating the pump, ensure proper connections. If a hydraulic hose bursts, DO NOT attempt to grasp a leaking hose under pressure with your hands. The force of escaping hydraulic fluid could pierce your skin and cause serious injury. Keep hose away from potential hazards. DO NOT interfere with the oil flow by kinking, twisting, or bending the hose. DO NOT carry the tool by grasping the hydraulic hose. Wear proper protective clothing when operating tools:
70
Safety Procedures for Electrical tools
Inspect electrical cords for damage. Ensure outlets on any junction boxes used are equipped with ground fault circuit interrupters and conform to NFPA 70E (2000), Standard for Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces.

EFRS Class 159 (30 decks)

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