Chapter 32 Static Ice Rescue

Question 1

What is the point in the water where ice starts to form?

Answer 1

The thermocline

Question 2

How less dense is ice then water?

Answer 2

Ice is 9% less dense than water

Question 3

Which type of ice is the strongest?

Answer 3

Clear ice

Question 4

River ice is how much weaker than lake clear ice?

Answer 4

River ice is usually 15% weaker than lake ice

Question 5

How thick should ice be to carry a car?

Answer 5

8 inches

Question 6

Hypothermia is defined as what?

Answer 6

a body core temperature of less than 35C

Question 7

What are the three causes of hypothermia?

Answer 7

a. Decreased heat production
b. Increased heat loss
c. A combination of both

Question 8

What are the two types of hypothermia?

Answer 8

acute or subacute

Question 9

What are the stages of hypothermia?

Answer 9

a. Stage 1 or mild hypothermia
b. Stage 2 or moderate hypothermia
c. Stage 3 or severe Hypothermia

Question 10

What is an involuntary response which occurs when skin sensors on the forehead and upper nasal areas come in contact with cold water.

Answer 10

Mammalian Diving Reflex

Question 11

Types of Ice

Answer 11

Frazil Ice
Clear Ice
Snow Ice/Layered Ice
Candled Ice
Pack Ice
Anchor Ice
Border Ice

Question 12

Is ice that forms in disk-shaped crystals, forming a thin film that floats on the water surface.

Answer 12

Frazil Ice

Question 13

New ice formed by long, hard freeze in a transparent fashion.

Answer 13

Clear Ice

Question 14

is opaque, or milky, formed when water-saturated snow freezes on the ice sheet. This ice is porous and has low density and, therefore, is very weak.

Answer 14

Snow Ice/Layered Ice

Question 15

Milky, whitish gray ice that indicates deteriorated clear ice. The structure breaks down along its crystalline borders as it melts. This ice can still be thick, but unable to support weight,

Answer 15

Candled Ice

Question 16

forms on solid objects, such as rocks, that are submerged in the water.

Answer 16

Anchor Ice

Question 17

forms on the shallow water along the shoreline, creating a long border. The shallow water freezes first, while the deeper water is still in the vertical circulation phase.

Answer 17

Border Ice

Question 18

A crack caused by expansion or contraction of an ice sheet due to a temperature fluctuation.

Answer 18

Thermal Crack

Question 19

A line or wall of broken ice caused by forces that push the ice up or down into the water.

Answer 19

Pressure Ridge/Keels

Question 20

Ice thickness is the most recognized factor in determining ice strength—however

Answer 20

DO NOT JUDGE ICE SAFETY ON THICKNESS ALONE

Question 21

Ice thickness and maximum load for that thickness (5)

Answer 21

2 inches - one person
4 inches - one person fishing or a group walking
5 inches - snowmobile
8 inches - car
12 inches - light truck

Question 22

The firefighter must keep three overall goals in mind when evaluating the patient’s condition

Answer 22

• Patient’s ability to respond.
• Other possible injuries
• Prevention of further harm

Question 23

__________ poses the greatest threat to the patient and occurs when two objects of different temperatures come in contact with each other.

Answer 23

Conduction

Question 24

Heat loss occurs in four fundamental ways

Answer 24

Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Evaporation

Question 25

What is the golden hour in relation to drowning

Answer 25

the time frame in which successful resuscitation for a cold water near drowning patient can occur. This hour begins at the time of submersion and continues through a one-hour period during which a resuscitation attempt will be made.

Question 26

Static Ice Rescue Operational Plans in order of preference (4)

Answer 26

* Go * Self-Rescue * Reach * Throw

Question 27

Static Ice Rescue Rope bags and contents (2)

Answer 27

Throw Bag * 15 Meter Throw bag (1/4 or 3/8 plaid water rope) Haul bag ( For Boat Attachment) * 100 Meter Haul rope (3/8 kernmantle)