Chapter 3 - Elicited Behavior Flashcards
Startle response
Defensive reaction to a sudden, unexpected stimulus (tightening of skeleton and internal organ changes)
Orienting response
Automatically position ourselves to facilitate attending to a stimulus (turn around to a loud noise)
Flexion response
Automatically jerk our hand or foot away from hot or sharp objects
Reflex arc
Neural structure that underlies many reflexes & consists of a sensory, motor and interneuron
Fixed action pattern
Fixed sequence of responses elicited by a specific stimulus that can be unique to one species (aka species specific behavior)
Sign stimulus (releaser)
Specific stimulus that elicits a fixed action pattern
Habituation
Gets used to stimulus
Sensitization
Hyper sensitive to stimulus
Dishabituation
Getting used to a stimulus then noticing it again with the presentation of a irrelevant novel stimulus
Classical conditioning
Process in which one stimulus that does not elicit a response is associated with a second stimulus that does which have first stimulus elicit a response
Pavlov’s dog (stimuli and responses)
NS (bell) –> CS
Unconditioned stimulus (food)
UR (salivate) –> CR (salivate)
Listening to a song while kissing creates an increase heart rate. Now only the song creates heart rate increase. (Stimuli & responses)
NS (song) US (kissing) UR (heart rate)
Conditioned: CR (song) CR (heart rate)
Aversive conditioning
US is unattractive so it’s avoided (electric shocks)
Appetitive conditioning
US is something attractive, wishes to continue
Excitatory conditioning
NS is associated with the presentation of a US which results in the CS being elicit to a certain response (salivation/fear)
