Chapter 3 HW Flashcards
Functions of Nerve cell endings in the dermis
Nerve endings serve as receptors, they include warm receptors, cold receptors, pain receptors, and pressure receptors, they can also detect movement.
Signs of a first degree burn
Most common of burns, sunburns are often first-degree. Involves only the epidermis and includes redness, pain, swelling, and blisters
Signs of a second degree burn
Redness, pain, swelling, and blisters
Sometimes called partial thickness burns, involve the epidermis and dermis.
Stratum Lucidum
Found only in thick skin
Fibroblasts
Located in the Dermis and produces the two protein fibers collagen and elastic
How do vitamin A and C contribute to healthy skin
They are necessary for collagen production
How does the process of sweating help the body regulate temperature
Sweat produced on the skin will evaporate and cool the body if body temp is too high
Melanocytes
Reside in the stratum basale (deepest layer of epidermis). Responsible for the skin’s pigment.
The skins consists of which two layers
Epidermis and dermis
Arrangement of what feature in the dermis creates unique fingerprints?
Papillae: bumps on the superficial edge of the dermis, which are in direct contact with the epidermis
Keratinocytes
Their purpose is to grow and divide. They produce and fill themselves with keratin (a hard, waterproof protein), making the skin waterproof. This allows water retention in the body.
Skin is what percentage of body weight?
About 15%
Stratum basale
It dips into the dermis of the skin to form the hair follicles, is the deepest layer of the epidermis, and contains a single layer of cuboidal cells. It’s the only stratum of the epi with cells that actively grow and divide to produce new epidermis.
Layers and cell direction in the epidermis
Stratum basale > Stratum spinosum > Stratum granulosum > Stratum lucidum > Stratum corneum
Epidermis cell type responsible for skin pigment
Melanocytes (produce skin pigments called melanin)
What is the body’s largest organ
Skin
Elasticity
Allows skin to come back to shape if stretched
What’s the difference between thick and thin skin?
The presence of Stratum lucidum is only in thick skin. It is found on the lips, palms of the hands, and on the plantar surface of the feet. Thick skin has no hair, while thin skin does.
Function of collagen fibers in skin
Give the skin strength
Function of dendritic cells in the skin
Alert the body’s immune system to the invasion of pathogens (disease causing foreign invaders) that could make it through the stratum corneum
Nail matrix
(The nail’s growth center) at the root of the nail is composed of active keratinocytes in the stratum basale
What is cornification?
The process of epidermal cells filling with keratin and moving to the surface of the epidermis to form a durable waterproof layer
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
It is not a layer of skin. It lies deep to the dermis, is mainly composed of adipose tissue, and connects the skin to the body
Dermis
Composed of loose/areolar connective tissue over dense irregular connective tissue. The dermis is the skins deepest layer. Has cutaneous glands, hair follicles, nerve endings, fibers, and blood vessels.
