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Anatomy/Physiology > Chapter 9 HW > Flashcards

Chapter 9 HW Flashcards

1
Q

Types of leukocytes (white blood cells)

A

Basophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes

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2
Q

Types of hemopoiesis

A

Thrombopoiesis, leukopoiesis, erythropoiesis

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3
Q

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)

A

Have no DNA because they do not have a nucleus

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4
Q

Important nutrients for Erythropoiesis

A

Folic acid, copper, and vitamin B12

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5
Q

Hemoglobin transports

A

Hydrogen ions, oxygen, carbon dioxide

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6
Q

How is blood type determined

A

By mixing the serum of blood with different types of serum to see if agglutination occurs

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7
Q

How to determine blood type

A

By the antigens on the blood cell’s surface

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8
Q

Red blood cell lifespan

A

110-120 days

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9
Q

AB blood

A

Universal recipient

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10
Q

Type O blood

A

Universal donor, but can only receive type O blood

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11
Q

If a pregnant woman is Rh+

A

She will never produce anti-Rh antibodies, therefore she does not have anti-Rh antibodies

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12
Q

If a pregnant woman is Rh-

A

She will develop anti-Rh antibodies if she carries an Rh+ child, she will not develop anti-Rh antibodies if she Carrie’s an Rh- child, she does not have anti-Rh antibodies

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13
Q

Layers of a spun tube of blood in a centrifuge

A

Bottom layer is RBCs which are the heaviest (45% of whole blood), top straw-colored layer is plasma which are the most abundant (55% of whole blood)

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14
Q

Blood test that gives percentage of each leukocyte (WBCs) of the total number of leukocytes

A

White blood cell differential

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15
Q

Blood test that measures the number of leukocytes (WBCs)

A

White blood cell count

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16
Q

Blood test that measures the percentage of erythrocytes (RBCs) to whole blood

A

Hematocrit

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17
Q

Sickle cell

A

Disorder characterized by an alternative form of hemoglobin that changes the shape of a RBC

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18
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Stimulates red blood cell production

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19
Q

What happens to the four globin chains when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen

A

They are broken down to free amino acids which are then recycled to the bone marrow

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20
Q

What happens to the heme when hemoglobin is broken down by the liver and spleen

A

It is broken down to iron and billrubin

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21
Q

Agglutination

A

Happens when two non-compatible blood types are mixed together

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22
Q

Thrombus

A

A stationary, unnecessary clot

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23
Q

Embolus

A

A moving, unnecessary clot

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24
Q

Normal platelet count

A

165,000 - 415,000/mm3 of blood

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25
Normal WBC count
3,540-9,060/mm3 of blood
26
Hemopoiesis
The production of blood cells
27
Serum
Plasma with clotting factors removed
28
Order of hemostasis
Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation
29
Function of thrombocytes
To form platelet plugs and release clotting factors
30
Most abundant component of plasma
Water
31
Fibrinolysis
Process of dissolving an unnecessary blood clot
32
What makes hemoglobin a buffer
Hemoglobin binds H+ ions
33
What produces Thrombopoietin
Kidney
34
RBCs role in the various functions of the blood
Transportation and regulation
35
WBCs role in the various functions of the blood
Protection
36
Globulin
Describes antibodies found in plasma
37
Hemolytic anemia
Caused by the destruction of RBCs
38
Pernicious anemia
Caused by the lack of intrinsic factor from the stomach that allows vitamin B 12 to be absorbed
39
Where does leukopoiesis occur
Red bone marrow
40
Lumbar puncture
Diagnostic test collects and analyzes cerebrospinal fluid for the presence of WBCs
41
Partial thromboplastin time
Diagnostic test that evaluated the function of clotting factors within the blood
42
Polycythemia
Disorder that describes a condition of too many blood cells
43
Hemophilia
Inherited disorder characterized by the inability to make one or more clotting factors
44
Thrombocytopenia
Disorder characterized by a low platelet count
45
Anemia
Disorder that results from insufficient RBCs or hemoglobin to carry enough oxygen to maintain homeostasis
46
Iron
Important blood nutrient that allows for the hemoglobin in RBCs to carry oxygen
47
Inappropriate clotting mechanisms
Anticoagulants interfere with pathways of clotting , vessels coated with a platelet repellent to prevent them from sticking to vessel walls, circulation dilutes thrombin in the blood
48
Formed elements of blood
Platelets, WBCs, RBCs
49
Fibrinolysis
Process of dissolving clots
50
Eosinophils
Leukocytes (WBCs) that attack parasitic worms
51
Monocytes
Leukocytes (WBCs) become macrophages and phagocytize dead and dying tissue, microorganisms, and any other foreign matter or debris
52
Most abundant leukocytes (WBCs) in circulating blood
Neutrophils
53
Leukocytes (WBCs) that release histamine to promote inflammation and heparin as an anticoagulant
Basophils
54
Intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of blood clotting IS NOT begun by damaged tissues
^^^
55
Damaged tissues
Trigger the extrinsic pathway of coagulation
56
Not considered a formed element of blood
Plasma
57
Organs that function to remove old, worn out RBCs
Liver and spleen
58
Shape of erythrocytes
Biconcave
59
Hemoglobin
Each globin chain on a hemoglobin molecule contains a heme group
60
Plasma IS NOT free of waste products
^^^
61
Coagulation
Blood clotting
62
Vascular spasm
The prompt constriction of a broken vessel

Anatomy/Physiology (10 decks)

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