Chapter 30 Flashcards
New Left
Who- Americans
What- large, diverse group of men and women energized by the polarizing developments of their time. The New Left embraced the cause of African Americans and other minorities, but its own ranks consisted overwhelmingly of white people.
Where- USA
When- 1960’s
Why- People were going to college and becoming educated
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
Who- Students, most of them from prestigious universities
What- Gathered in Michigan to form an organization to give voice to their demands: Students for a Democratic Society
Where- Michigan
When- 1962
Why- Expressed disillusionment with the society they had inherited and their determination to build a new politics.
Free Speech Movement
Who- Members of Student Democratic Society (SDS)
What- Members of SDS challenged school authority on the case of the right of students to pass out literature and recruit volunteers for political causes on campus
Where- Berkely College, California
When- 1964
Why- Students at this time were becoming more politically involved
American Indian Movement (AIM)
Who- Young Native Americans
What- Drew its greatest support from those Indians who lived in urban areas but soon established a significant presence on the reservations as well against termination and assimilation
Where- USA
When- 1968
Why- Eisenhower wanted Native Americans to assimilate and to terminate (follow local law, weren’t allowed to have rez laws anymore)
Counterculture
Who- American Youth
What- A new youth culture openly scornful of the values and conventions of middle-class society. Also known as Hippies. Changed the way people looked at drugs and sex
Where- USA
When- 1960s
Why- Liked a more relaxed society and wanted to change modern society.
Wounded Knee
Who- AIM members
What- seize d and occupied the town of Wounded Knee for two months, demanding radical changes in the administration of the reservation and insisting that the government honor its long-forgotten treaty obligations
Where- Wounded Kneee, South Dakota
When- February 1973
Why- Fighting against assimilation and termination. Native Americans wanted rights.
Cesar Chavez
Who- Mexican American Activist
What- Created an effective union of itinerant farmworkers, United Farm Workers (UFW)
Where- California
When- 1965
Why- the UFW launched a prolonged strike against growers to demand recognition of their union and increased wages and benefits.
Stonewall Riot
Who- Police Officers, Gay people
What- Police officers raided the Stonewall Inn, a gay bar in New York City’s Greenwich Village, and began arresting patrons simply for frequenting the place.
Where- Greenwich Village, New York City
When- June 27, 1969
Why- People were homophobic
“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell”
Who- Clinton
What- The military would not ask recruits about their sexual preferences, while those who enlisted in the military were expected not to reveal them.
Where- USA
When- 1993
Why- Backlash from gay rights led to this. At first it was supposed to allow gay people in the military but people didn’t want that
Betty Friedan
Who- Magazine Journalist
What- Went around the country and interviewed middle-class women who said they were unhappy because they were stuck being housewives and couldn’t pursue their dreams
Where- USA
When- 1963
Why- Her writing Feminist Mystique revived feminism to allow women to do other things besides being a housewife
National Organization for Women (NOW)
Who- Betty Friedan, female activists
What- Feminist organization that was very powerful. Fought for equal pay for women
Where- USA
When- 1966
Why- They wanted equal rights
Roe v. Wade
Who- Supreme Court
What- Court case that made it so states had to allow legal abortions
Where- USA
When- 1973
Why- Women wanted control of their reproductive health. They got it based on the constitutional “right to privacy.”
Rachel Carson
Who- Marine Biologist and writer
What- Wrote the world’s best-selling book about the ocean environment and got wrote about how pesticides were harming animals
Where- USA
When- 1950s
Why- Her book got DDT banned in the US because of its impact on animals
Henry Kissinger
Who- Harvard Professer, national seceratry advisor to Nixon
What- Nixon’s partner in trying to find a resolution to the stalemate in Vietnam
Where- USA
When- 1969
Why- He established dominance over the secretary of state and secretary of defense making him a primary advisor for Nixon
Vietnamization
Who- Americans, Vietnamese
What- the training and equip¬ ping of the South Vietnamese military to take over the burden of combat from American forces.
Where- Vietnam
When- 1969
Why- American troops were preparing to leave Vietnam because the conflict was hurting them
Nixon Doctrine
Who- Nixon and Kissinger
What- Said the United States would “participate in the defense and devel¬ opment of allies and friends” but would leave the “basic responsibility” for the future of those “friends” to the nations themselves.
Where- USA
When- 1969-1970
Why- In effort to maintain a stable status quo without involving the United States to deeply in local disputes
“Silent Majority”
Who- constituency-conservative, middle-class people
What- Wanted reduced federal interference in local affairs
Where- USA
When- 1970s
Why- These people were the main impact of Nixons domestic policies
George McGovern
Who- Senator of South Dakota (Prez elect for dems)
What- An outspoken critic of the war, a forceful advocate of advanced liberal positions on most social and economic issues
Where- USA
When- 1972
Why- He embody many things that middle class Americans wanted to reject, so he was not elected prez
OPEC
Who- Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries,
What- OPEC had most of the oil sales under control, so they controlled prices and who they could sell to.
Where- USA
When- 1970’s
Why- produced momentary economic chaos in the West. The United States suffered its first fuel shortage since World War II. And although the boycott ended a few months later, the price of energy continued to skyrocket both because of OPEC’s new militant policies and because of the weakening competi¬ tive position of the dollar in world markets.
Stagflation
Who- Nixon, American People
What- A combination of rising prices and general economic stagnation.
Where- USA
When- 1970s
Why- Decline in industrialization, growth in the financial sector. This led to the economic crisis we are currently having where poor people will always remain poor and rich people will only get richer
Watergate
Who- Richard Nixon
What- Paid people to break into the Democratic National Committee office. This led to the exposing of many of Nixon’s other illegal activities
Where- USA
When- 1973
Why- Led to his assignment because he was going to be impeached
Gerald Ford
Who- Vice prez
What- Became vice prez after Spiro Agnew was removed
Where- USA
When- 1973
Why- He was a popular Michigan Congress man who assumed the position under the 25th Amendment
Spiro Agnew
Who- Vice prez for Nixon
What- Was discovered that he was taking bribes and kickbacks while serving as governor of Maryland and even as vice president.
Where- USA
When- 1973
Why- He had to resign from the vice prez position
