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History 9 > Chapter 33 > Flashcards

Chapter 33 Flashcards

1
Q

Rise of industry from ______-_____

A

1500 A.D.-1800 A.D.

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2
Q

1543

A

Nicholas Copernicus publishes book explaining idea that universe heliocentric

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3
Q

1733

A

John Kay invents flying shuttle

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4
Q

1769

A

James Watt perfects steam engine

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5
Q

1847

A

Samuel Colt develops assembly line

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6
Q

1879

A

Thomas Edison develops electric light

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7
Q

By 1700s …

A

people in western world had new ideas about science

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8
Q

1400s

A

Scientific Revolution

  • scientists started breaking away from old ideas
  • changes in scientific thinking
  • using scientific method to form and test own hypotheses
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9
Q

Nicholas Copernicus was one of first …

A

using scientific method

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10
Q

Polish Astronomer studying what

A
  • Copernicus

- motion of planets

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11
Q

Copernicus proved …

A
  • Ptolemy was wrong

- Earth not centre of universe

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12
Q

Italian astronomer

A
  • Galileo Galilei
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13
Q

Accomplishments of Galileo

A
  • telescope invention
  • moons surface not smooth with craters and mountains from their shadows
  • Milky Way hold vast number of stars
  • sun rotates on axis
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14
Q

Person strongly criticized by R.C. Church about what

A
  • Galileo Galilei

- Earth revolves around sun

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15
Q

Whose ideas spread through Europe

A

Galileo Galilei

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16
Q

1642

A
  • Galileo Galilei dies

- Sir Isaac Newton born in England

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17
Q

Newton explained …

A

theory of gravitation and how objects move through space

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18
Q

Theory of gravitation led to …

A

technology for today’s rockets and space satellites

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19
Q

Changes in science =

A

developments in farming

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20
Q

Agricultural Revolution around

A

1700s

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21
Q

Enclosure

A

system of land division used in GB

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22
Q

What did landowners do to small strips of land

A

combined them into large areas closed by fences, hedges, ditches

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23
Q

Landowners made more money with

A

Enclosures

24
Q

Greater profits on enclosures because

A
  • whole areas grow same crop
  • larger harvests
  • fewer workers
25
Q

Workers on enclosures called

A

Tenant farmers

26
Q

Two choices for tenant farmers

A
  • stay on as paid workers

- look elsewhere for job

27
Q

Tenant farmers became …

A

Industrial workers

28
Q

Benefits of Agricultural Revolution

A
  • new ways of growing crops and breeding animals
  • greater pop of food
  • better health longer lifespans
  • pop increased
  • demand for manufactured goods grew
29
Q

Industrial Rev period

A

1700s - 1850s

30
Q

Industrial rev began in …

A

Textile industry

31
Q

Textile

A

Woven cloth

32
Q

1660s and early 1700s

A

cloth made by domestic system

33
Q

Domestic system

A
  • manufacturing done in workers cottages

- fams worked together

34
Q

Merchants role in domestic system

A
  • went from cottage to cottage
  • brought workers raw wool an cotton
  • picked up finished product to sell
35
Q

Workers used what in domestic system

A
  • hand-powered spinning wheels and looms
36
Q

Domestic system couldn’t …

A
  • meet strong growing demand for cloth
37
Q

Flying shuttle

A

weaving device that carries thread quickly back and forth across pice being woven

38
Q

Problem with flying shuttle

A

spinners couldn’t keep up with weavers

39
Q

Factory system

A

Workers and machines in one place to make goods

40
Q

Cotton gin

A

Cotton-cleaning machine

41
Q

Spinning Jenny

A

Number of shingles fastened to single wheel

42
Q

Interchangeable parts

A

Certain part of product same size and shape as the same part of another product

43
Q

Automation

A

Process in which machines instead of people do much of labour

44
Q

Assembly line

A

Each worker adds a part to product and passes it on to next worker, who also adds part, until the entire product has been completed

45
Q

Open-hearth process

A

Special kind of furnace used to make steel

46
Q

Macadam road

A

Road made of layers of crushed rock

47
Q

Trade unions

A

Worker’s associations

48
Q

Immigrants

A

People who settle permanently in a different country

49
Q

Internal combustion engine

A

Engine fueled by gasoline

50
Q

1764

A
  • James Hargreaves inventing Spinning Jenny

- possible for one lesson to spin many threads at same time

51
Q

Machines near water supply because

A

more progress when ways found using power of falling water vs hand power in running textile machines

52
Q

Factory locations

A

near rivers so could supply necessary water power

53
Q

Towns grew where

A

Around factories

54
Q

Water power didn’t work well with

A

Heavy machinery

55
Q

After steam engine, factories could be …

A

set up near raw materials and town markets

56
Q

Eli Whitney

A
  • American inventor

History 9 (13 decks)

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