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History 9 > Chpt.35 Sect.2 > Flashcards

Chpt.35 Sect.2 Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Equal strength among countries

A

Balance of power

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2
Q

People who favour political reforms based on French Revolution

A

Liberals

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3
Q

People in favour of national independence

A

Nationalists

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4
Q

People who wanted to end private ownership of land and factories

A

Socialists

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5
Q

One similarity amongst all political groups

A

Against Congress System

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6
Q

Political plan and division of Europe set up by Congress of Vienna

A

Congress System

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7
Q

Ppl who set up ideal communities based on economic cooperation

A

Utopian socialists

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8
Q

Industrial working class

A

Proletariat

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9
Q

Communism

A 
Type of socialism 
Made by Karl Marx 
Govs not needed
Ppl would work cuz wanted to contribute something to society 
No hunger or poverty
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10
Q

Karl Marx believed …

A

Worker’s rev led by his new communist party

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11
Q

In communism ppl able to …

A

Develop own interests and talents

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12
Q

Factories run by workers but paid for by gov

A

National workshops

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13
Q

Congress of Vienna nickname + why

A

Waltzing Congress

Spent much time at dances, dinners, fox hunts

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14
Q 
Prince Klemens von Metternich 
Czar Alexander I of Russia 
King Fredrick William III of Prussia 
Viscount Castlereagh 
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand
A

Ppl part of Congress of Vienna

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15
Q

Congress of Vienna goal

A

Build peaceful and stable Europe

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16
Q

How to build ideal Europe/Congress

A

Balance of power

Napoleon’s Grand Empire divided

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17
Q

Finland + most of Poland

A

Russia

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18
Q

Norway

A

Sweden

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19
Q

Part of Northern Italy

A

Austria

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20
Q

Islands of Malta and Ceylon and a Dutch Cape Colony in South Africa

A

GB

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21
Q

What were made a single nation

A

Belgium and Holland

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22
Q

Austria headed

A

Loose confederation of 39 German states

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23
Q

Congress against

A

Democracy

Hoped to crunch revolutionary ideas with divine-right monarchy

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24
Q

Congress changes in Europe

A

Louis XVIII/Louis XVI brother
Able to bring back monarchy in Spain and Portugal
Pope made ruler of Papal States

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25
Ideals of French rev
Individual freedom Equal rights under law Freedom of thought and religion
26
Middle class mostly + reason
Liberals | Wanted changes that would improve lives
27
Changes middle class wanted
Voting rights for landowners Protection of private property Some wanted constitutional monarchy other republic
28
Liberals strongest in
GB and France
29
Congress of Vienna paid no attention to
Nationalists feelings during division of Grand Empire Belgians didn’t wanna be part of Holland Italians didn’t wanna be ruled by Austrians
30
State or ppl should own all means of production | Then everyone treated fairly and workers lives improve
Socialists
31
Believed only way to bring reform through revolution
Karl Marx | A German
32
Karl Marx’s beliefs prior rev
Proletariat rise up and take power | Had nothing to loose but everything to gain
33
Marx’s beliefs after worker’s rev
Communism basically
34
1820
Liberals, nationalists, socialists led revs against Congress System Earliest took place in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Russia All failed Greek nationalist hopeful
35
1821
Greeks rebelled against Ottoman Empire | After 8 yrs gained independence
36
1830
Another rev in France | After Louis xviii died bro Charles x took throne
37
Charles X
Wanted old regime Did away w/ National Assembly weeks after Took voting rights from middle class Returned control to RC Church
38
July rev
Middle clas w/ students and unemployed workers overthrew gov After 3 days Charlsie skirted Victory for middle class Throne given to bros cus Louis-Philippe
39
Middle class wanted
Constitutional monarchy
40
Working class wanted
Republic | Universal male suffrage
41
voters increase under
``` LP rule Only rich of middle class could vote Angered members of middle and working class ```
42
Right of all adult males to vote
Universal male suffrage
43
Mary Wollstonecraft
All ppl should vote regardless of gender Published book defending women’s voting 1792 Helped spark woman’s suffrage
44
Margaret Thatcher
1st female Prime Minister of GB | 1979-1990
45
1831/Belgian nationalists
Won independence from Holland Poles fought Russia but lost Uprisings in German and Italian states put down and needed quickly
46
Liberal reforms made by gradual change vs rev
In GB
47
1832/British gov
Law lowered amount of land man needed to vote Increased voters by 1/2 Gave industrial towns more rep in Parliament British middle class more say in gov
48
Reforms helped working class
Labour unions gained right to strike in order to obtain Shorter hours Higher wages Better working conditions
49
1890
Working class males obtained right to vote
50
Revs of 1848
Govs overthrown all over Europe | Rebellion started in France again
51
Louis-Philippe/1848
Tried to be citizen king Didn’t walk w/servants Wore frock coat and trousers
52
Prob w/ LP
Very rich and gov only served rich Industrial workers and middle-class liberals unhappy Economy bad throughout Europe Ppl didn’t have jobs
53
1845 + 1846
Potato and wheat crops failed | Not enough food for everyone
54
Feb.1848
Riots in Paris LP field Declared Second French Republic by rev leaders Temp gov et up until new National Assembly able to be elected
55
Persuaded other leaders to set up national workshops
Louis Blanc
56
French gov supporting … still
Over 100,000
57
New National Assembly
Ready by April Did away w/ workshops Drew up constitution Called for president elected by universal male suffrage
58
Result of NA’s choices
Workers revolted for 3 days until army stepped in | Over 10,000 killed
59
Napoleon’s nephew (Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte)
Elected as president of 2nd French Republic | Inherited uncles destiny
60
1851/Louis Napoleon
Did away w/ constitution Apart later cited emperor Napoleon III Republic renamed 2nd French Empire In throne until 1879
61
French rev caused
Rev all over Europe Hungarians, Germans, Italians rebelled but failed Still led to important changes
62
Northern and Western Europe
Where universal male suffrage mostly spread
63
In almost every European country was
Socialist party

History 9 (13 decks)

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