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History 9 > Chpt.35 Sect.2 > Flashcards

Chpt.35 Sect.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Equal strength among countries

A

Balance of power

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2
Q

People who favour political reforms based on French Revolution

A

Liberals

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3
Q

People in favour of national independence

A

Nationalists

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4
Q

People who wanted to end private ownership of land and factories

A

Socialists

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5
Q

One similarity amongst all political groups

A

Against Congress System

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6
Q

Political plan and division of Europe set up by Congress of Vienna

A

Congress System

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7
Q

Ppl who set up ideal communities based on economic cooperation

A

Utopian socialists

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8
Q

Industrial working class

A

Proletariat

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9
Q

Communism

A 
Type of socialism 
Made by Karl Marx 
Govs not needed
Ppl would work cuz wanted to contribute something to society 
No hunger or poverty
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10
Q

Karl Marx believed …

A

Worker’s rev led by his new communist party

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11
Q

In communism ppl able to …

A

Develop own interests and talents

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12
Q

Factories run by workers but paid for by gov

A

National workshops

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13
Q

Congress of Vienna nickname + why

A

Waltzing Congress

Spent much time at dances, dinners, fox hunts

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14
Q 
Prince Klemens von Metternich 
Czar Alexander I of Russia 
King Fredrick William III of Prussia 
Viscount Castlereagh 
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand
A

Ppl part of Congress of Vienna

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15
Q

Congress of Vienna goal

A

Build peaceful and stable Europe

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16
Q

How to build ideal Europe/Congress

A

Balance of power

Napoleon’s Grand Empire divided

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17
Q

Finland + most of Poland

A

Russia

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18
Q

Norway

A

Sweden

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19
Q

Part of Northern Italy

A

Austria

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20
Q

Islands of Malta and Ceylon and a Dutch Cape Colony in South Africa

A

GB

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21
Q

What were made a single nation

A

Belgium and Holland

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22
Q

Austria headed

A

Loose confederation of 39 German states

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23
Q

Congress against

A

Democracy

Hoped to crunch revolutionary ideas with divine-right monarchy

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24
Q

Congress changes in Europe

A

Louis XVIII/Louis XVI brother
Able to bring back monarchy in Spain and Portugal
Pope made ruler of Papal States

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25
Q

Ideals of French rev

A

Individual freedom
Equal rights under law
Freedom of thought and religion

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26
Q

Middle class mostly + reason

A

Liberals

Wanted changes that would improve lives

27
Q

Changes middle class wanted

A

Voting rights for landowners
Protection of private property
Some wanted constitutional monarchy other republic

28
Q

Liberals strongest in

A

GB and France

29
Q

Congress of Vienna paid no attention to

A

Nationalists feelings during division of Grand Empire
Belgians didn’t wanna be part of Holland
Italians didn’t wanna be ruled by Austrians

30
Q

State or ppl should own all means of production

Then everyone treated fairly and workers lives improve

A

Socialists

31
Q

Believed only way to bring reform through revolution

A

Karl Marx

A German

32
Q

Karl Marx’s beliefs prior rev

A

Proletariat rise up and take power

Had nothing to loose but everything to gain

33
Q

Marx’s beliefs after worker’s rev

A

Communism basically

34
Q

1820

A

Liberals, nationalists, socialists led revs against Congress System
Earliest took place in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Russia
All failed
Greek nationalist hopeful

35
Q

1821

A

Greeks rebelled against Ottoman Empire

After 8 yrs gained independence

36
Q

1830

A

Another rev in France

After Louis xviii died bro Charles x took throne

37
Q

Charles X

A

Wanted old regime
Did away w/ National Assembly weeks after
Took voting rights from middle class
Returned control to RC Church

38
Q

July rev

A

Middle clas w/ students and unemployed workers overthrew gov
After 3 days Charlsie skirted
Victory for middle class
Throne given to bros cus Louis-Philippe

39
Q

Middle class wanted

A

Constitutional monarchy

40
Q

Working class wanted

A

Republic

Universal male suffrage

41
Q

voters increase under

A 
LP rule 
Only rich of middle class could vote 
Angered members of middle and working class
42
Q

Right of all adult males to vote

A

Universal male suffrage

43
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft

A

All ppl should vote regardless of gender
Published book defending women’s voting 1792
Helped spark woman’s suffrage

44
Q

Margaret Thatcher

A

1st female Prime Minister of GB

1979-1990

45
Q

1831/Belgian nationalists

A

Won independence from Holland
Poles fought Russia but lost
Uprisings in German and Italian states put down and needed quickly

46
Q

Liberal reforms made by gradual change vs rev

A

In GB

47
Q

1832/British gov

A

Law lowered amount of land man needed to vote
Increased voters by 1/2
Gave industrial towns more rep in Parliament
British middle class more say in gov

48
Q

Reforms helped working class

A

Labour unions gained right to strike in order to obtain
Shorter hours
Higher wages
Better working conditions

49
Q

1890

A

Working class males obtained right to vote

50
Q

Revs of 1848

A

Govs overthrown all over Europe

Rebellion started in France again

51
Q

Louis-Philippe/1848

A

Tried to be citizen king
Didn’t walk w/servants
Wore frock coat and trousers

52
Q

Prob w/ LP

A

Very rich and gov only served rich
Industrial workers and middle-class liberals unhappy
Economy bad throughout Europe
Ppl didn’t have jobs

53
Q

1845 + 1846

A

Potato and wheat crops failed

Not enough food for everyone

54
Q

Feb.1848

A

Riots in Paris
LP field
Declared Second French Republic by rev leaders
Temp gov et up until new National Assembly able to be elected

55
Q

Persuaded other leaders to set up national workshops

A

Louis Blanc

56
Q

French gov supporting … still

A

Over 100,000

57
Q

New National Assembly

A

Ready by April
Did away w/ workshops
Drew up constitution
Called for president elected by universal male suffrage

58
Q

Result of NA’s choices

A

Workers revolted for 3 days until army stepped in

Over 10,000 killed

59
Q

Napoleon’s nephew (Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte)

A

Elected as president of 2nd French Republic

Inherited uncles destiny

60
Q

1851/Louis Napoleon

A

Did away w/ constitution
Apart later cited emperor Napoleon III
Republic renamed 2nd French Empire
In throne until 1879

61
Q

French rev caused

A

Rev all over Europe
Hungarians, Germans, Italians rebelled but failed
Still led to important changes

62
Q

Northern and Western Europe

A

Where universal male suffrage mostly spread

63
Q

In almost every European country was

A

Socialist party

History 9 (13 decks)

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