Chapter 4 Flashcards
(13 cards)
What are the monomers of DNA & RNA?
Nucleotides
What sugars are in RNA & DNA respectively?
DNA contains Deoxyribose
RNA contains Ribose
What are all the nitrogenous bases?
Cytosine Uracil (In RNA) Thymine (In DNA) Guanine Adenine
Which nitrogenous bases are in the Pyrimidines and Purines?
- Pyrimidines- Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
2. Purines- Guanine, Adenine
What are the nitrogenous sequences for DNA and RNA?
DNA- ATGC
RNA- AUGC
What sugar is different in the “Carbon Pentagon” for DNA & RNA?
The 2’ carbon; RNA has Ribose while DNA has Deoxyribose.
Nucleic strands have a a specific directions. What are they?
5’->3’
What are the 2 structures of DNA?
Primary Structure- Linear Sequence of deoxyribonucleotides.
Secondary Structure- Complementary base pairing (Purines always pair with pyrimidines); Antiparallel configuration forms the double helix.
What are the equivalences of the nitrogenous bases?
A=T=U
G=C
They all add up to 100%
What are other functions that DNA does?
- Stores information and transmit it from one generation to another.
- Contains coded information that programs cell activity.
What is the function of RNA?
To convert the information stored in DNA into proteins.
What is RNA’s tertiary structure?
It forms complex secondary and tertiary structures by folding on itself.
What are ribozymes?
Enzyme-like RNAs
