Chapter 4

Question 0

Selecting, organizing, and interpreting information from senses

Answer 0

Perception

Question 1

Senses receiving information from environment and sending to brain

Answer 1

Sensation

Question 2

Receptors convert outside stimulus into action potential

Answer 2

Transduction

Question 3

Wavelength is?

Answer 3

Colour (Hue)

Question 4

Amplitude is?

Answer 4

Brightness

Question 5

Purity is?

Answer 5

Saturation (Vividness)

Question 6

Protects eye and begins to focus light

Answer 6

Cornea

Question 7

Muscle of pupil

Answer 7

Iris

Question 8

Regulates light

Answer 8

Pupil

Question 9

Major area of light focusing in retina

Answer 9

Lens

Question 10

Lens ability to change shape for retina

Answer 10

Accommodation

Question 11

Concerts light into action potential

Answer 11

Retina

Question 12

Where receptors are located in back of the eye

Answer 12

Fovea

Question 13

Blind spot: no receptors

Answer 13

Optic Disk

Question 14

Images focused in front of retina (object needs to be closer)

Answer 14

Myopia (Nearsightedness)

Question 15

Images focused behind retina (object needs to be further away)

Answer 15

Hyperopia (Farsightedness)

Question 16

Decreased accommodation with age

Answer 16

Presbyopia

Question 17

Night vision, 120 million cells, high sensitivity, black/white, and low resolution

Answer 17

Rods

Question 18

Day vision, 6 million cells, low sensitively, colour, and high resolution

Answer 18

Cones

Question 19

120 million cones convert to 1 million ganglion cells

Answer 19

Convergence

Question 20

Respond to absolute levels of light

Answer 20

Rods and Cones

Question 21

Respond to changes in light

Answer 21

Ganglion Cells

Question 22

Responds to very specific stimuli

Answer 22

Cortex

Question 23

Nerve that crosses hemispheres

Answer 23

Nasal Fibres

Question 24

Nerve that doesn't cross hemispheres

Answer 24

Temporal Fibres

Question 25

The order where 80% - 90% of visual information travels

Answer 25

Optic Nerve > Optic Chiasm > LGN (Thalamus) > Visual Cortex

Question 26

The order where 10% - 20% of visual information travels

Answer 26

Optic Nerve > Optic Chiasm > Superior Colliculus

Question 27

Object's location relative to other objects

Answer 27

Dorsal Stream: Parietal Lobe

Question 28

Object recognition

Answer 28

Ventral Stream: Occipital Lobe > Temporal Lobe

Question 29

Cannot recognize objects by sight

Answer 29

Visual Agnosia

Question 30

Cannot recognize faces

Answer 30

Prosopagnosia

Question 31

Cannot processes motion

Answer 31

Akinetopsia

Question 32

Any meaningful and less interesting parts of an image using colour

Answer 32

Figure-Ground Separation

Question 33

Difference in objects and surroundings using colours

Answer 33

Object Discrimination and Recognition

Question 34

Can only see black and white

Answer 34

Achromatopsia

Question 35

Primary colours (rule of 3)

Answer 35

Green, Red, and Blue (Wavelengths)

Question 36

Colour deficiency

Answer 36

Colour Blindness

Question 37

Sensation that you experience after a stimulus has been presented

Answer 37

Colour Afterimage

Question 38

3 sets of cones in retina sensitive to the rule of 3

Answer 38

Trichromatic Theory

Question 39

Colour-sensitive visual pairs (opposites)

Answer 39

Opponent-Process Theory

Question 40

Processing starts at receptors and works up to higher brain regions

Answer 40

Bottom-Up

Question 41

Reliance on knowledge (motivation, context, and expectations)

Answer 41

Top-Down

Question 42

The whole is greater than the sum of it's parts

Answer 42

Gestalt Grouping

Question 43

Objects close to one another get grouped together

Answer 43

Proximity

Question 44

Group objects based on their physical characteristics

Answer 44

Similarity

Question 45

Lines are seen as continuous and smooth rather than changing direction

Answer 45

Continuity

Question 46

Seen objects are completely even when they have gaps

Answer 46

Closure

Question 47

Objects that are closed in a boundary are grouped together

Answer 47

Common Region

Question 48

Group objects together if they are joined by other elements

Answer 48

Connectedness

Question 49

The bigger the image on retina, the more perceived it is as closer to you

Answer 49

Relative Size (Monocular Cues)

Question 50

Objects that are higher in a picture are seen as being further away

Answer 50

Height in Plane (Monocular Cues)

Question 51

Objects that are closer to is block out view of objects that are further away

Answer 51

Interposition (Monocular Cues)

Question 52

The idea that parallel lines appear to immerge in the distance

Answer 52

Linear Perspective (Monocular Cues)

Question 53

Objects look less clear in distance

Answer 53

Clarity (Monocular Cues)

Question 54

Can see detail up close

Answer 54

Textural Gradient (Monocular Cues)

Question 55

Pictorial cues with motion

Answer 55

Motion Parallax (Monocular Cues)

Question 56

Eyes are parallel to each other off in the distance but converge when object gets closer

Answer 56

Convergence (Binocular Cues)

Question 57

Each eye views the world differently (far is small, close is bigger)

Answer 57

Retinal Disparity (Binocular Cues)

Question 58

Perceived size equals? (Perceptual Constancy)

Answer 58

Size of Retinal Image + Perceived Distance