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Flashcards in Chapter 4 Deck (34)
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0
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus (DNA)

1
Q

Nucleus

A

Large structure inside the cell that contains the DNA

2
Q

Nucleolus

A

Large dark structure within the nucleus

3
Q

Ribosomes

A

Where proteins are assembled

4
Q

Golgi apparatus (bodies)

A

Aids in substance synthesis and packages product cells make, in vesicles

5
Q

Plasma membrane

A

A protein and lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

6
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Produces energy

7
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Gives the cell structure

8
Q

Peroxisome

A

Help cells destroy hydrogen peroxide

9
Q

Lysosome

A

Contain enzymes that digest things. Used to destroy organisms of unwanted organelles or whole cells

10
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

A transportation inside the cell, contains ribosomes on its surface

11
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

A transportation inside the cell, without ribosomes

12
Q

Centriole (animal)

A

Helps with cell division

13
Q

Chloroplast (plants, some protists)

A

Where photosynthesis occurs

14
Q

Cell wall (plants, fungi)

A

Provides structure for the plant

15
Q

Flagella

A

Long whiplike tail used for movement

16
Q

Cilia

A

Short hairlike structures that move things

17
Q

Permeable

A

Allows things to pass through

18
Q

Impermeable

A

Won’t allow things to pass through

19
Q

Semi-permeable

A

Allows only certain materials to pass

20
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of substances from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration

21
Q

Osmosis

A

The movement of water across membranes from higher to lower concentration

22
Q

Hypertonic

A

The solute concentration is higher outside the cell than inside

23
Q

Hypotonic

A

The solute concentration is lower outside than inside

24
Q

Isotonic

A

The solute concentration balanced inside and outside

25
Q

Passive transport

A

The movement of substances by diffusion into or out of a cell, without cellular energy required

26
Q

Active transport

A

Movement of substances into or out of a cell by the use of cellular energy

27
Q

Homeostasis

A

To keep things in balance, staying the same

28
Q

What are 3 things that living things need to regulate

A
  • body temperature
  • blood sugar
  • oxygen
29
Q

How do single cell organisms gain and get rid of certain materials?

A

Take in and put out across their membrane

30
Q

How do multi-cellular organisms gain and get rid of certain materials?

A

We use systems

31
Q

Structure of cell membranes

A
  • carbs hold adjoining cells together= outer surface
  • proteins help move things= scattered
  • lipids protect the cell= outer surface
32
Q

Concentration of- hypotonic

                 - isotonic 
                 - hypertonic
A
  • Lower outside than inside
  • Same concentration
  • Higher outside than inside
33
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus