Chapter 7.1 Flashcards
Mouth
Entry point of food. Digestion of starches begins here.
Teeth
Cut, tear, and grind food into smaller pieces to aid digestion.
Salivary Glands
Secrete saliva that helps moisten food to aid chewing and swallowing.
Tongue
Organ in the mouth used for tasting and swallowing
Peristalsis
The constriction and relaxation of the intestine, which push the contents of the canal forward
Stomach
The breakdown of proteins
Esophagus
Carries food from the pharynx to the stomach
HCl
Aids in digestion
Villi
Increase the surface area and absorption of substances
Pancreas
A large gland behind the stomach that secretes digestive enzymes
Liver
Aids in absorption of vitamins, minerals, and sugars, aids in riding itself of poisons and wastes
Gall Bladder
Stores biles and releases it into the small intestines when needed
Large Intestine
reabsorbs waters, bulks waste
Smaller Intestine Lower
Absorption
Small Intestine Upper
Digestion
Carbohydrates
Provide fuel, the body can use most readily for energy
Food
Nutritional substance used to maintain life and growth
Nutrition
Food necessary for health
Starches
A form of carbohydrates, long chains of simple sugars
Fats (lipids)
Long term energy and insulation
Proteins
Essential for growth and repairing and maintaining body tissue
Fiber
Comes from cellulose (starch) found in plants
Vitamins
Work with enzymes to regulate cellular activity
Essential Elements
The basic building blocks of matter. They are important to maintain homeostasis
