Flashcards in Chapter 4 Deck (5):
1
Photosynthesis equation
6CO2+H20---light/chlorophyll--->C6H12O6+6O2
2
Structure of chloroplasts and where dependent and independent stages happen
Chloroplasts have grana (plural, stack of thylakoids) and stroma (fluid that bathes grana)
Light dependent
• Happens in chloroplasts, thylakoid membranes
• Converts light energy to chemical energy
• Sunlight enables water to split H+ which NADP (carrier molecule) takes
• ATP is made
• Oxygen is a by product
Light independent
• Happens in stroma
• ATP releases energy, NADPH releases H
• CO2 and release of energy is used in Calvin Cycle
3
Inputs and outputs of dependent and independent stages
Dependent: H2O, ADP+Pi, NADP+, solar energy
O2, ATP, NADH
Independent: ATP, NADPH, CO2
ADP+Pi, NADP+, glucose
4
Cellular respiration
transfer of chemical energy stored in glucose into the chemical energy of ATP for use by cells for staying alive
Aerobic respiration: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETP
Glycolysis: occurs in cytosol
glucose is broken down into two pyruvates (net yield of two ATP molecules)
Krebs Cycle: occurs in matrix
net yield of 2 ATP, 6NADH, 2FADH2
Electron transport chain: occurs in inner membrane of mitochondria
net yield of about 26 ATP
5