Chapter 4 Integumentary system

Question 1

What does the integumentary system composed of?

Answer 1

Skin, hair, nails, sweat, oil and mammary glands

Question 2

list the six functions of integument

Answer 2

physical protection, regulation of body temperature, excretion, nutrition, sensation, immune defense

Question 3

what are the two major parts of integument?

Answer 3

skin and accessory structures

Question 4

what are the two subdivisions of skin?

Answer 4

epidermis and dermis

Question 5

epidermis

Answer 5

the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin

Question 6

dermis

Answer 6

the underlying loose CT

Question 7

what is included in the accessory structures?

Answer 7

hair, nails and may multicellular exocrine glands

Question 8

name the 4 cell types that are contained in the epidermis

Answer 8

keratinocytes, melanocytes, merkel cells, langerhans cells

Question 9

what are keratinocytes?

Answer 9

most abundant, at least four different cell layers can be found

Question 10

what are melanocytes?

Answer 10

pigment cells found deep in the epidermis

Question 11

what are Merkel cells?

Answer 11

sensory cells

Question 12

what are langerhans cells?

Answer 12

fixed macrophages

Question 13

skin color is produced by a combination of what two factors?

Answer 13

1. dermal blood supply

2. epidermal pigment content

Question 14

what is cyanosis?

Answer 14

a bluing coloration, resulted from long term decreased blood flow

Question 15

what is carotene

Answer 15

a yellow-orange pigment found in some veggies that can be trapped in the epidermis

Question 16

what is melanin?

Answer 16

dark pigment produced by the melanocytes

Question 17

what does the papillary layer contain

Answer 17

areolar connective tissues

Question 18

what does reticular layer contain

Answer 18

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 19

what is the cutaneous plexus?

Answer 19

network of blood vessels at the border of the reticular layer and the subcutaneous layer

Question 20

what is the papillary plexus?

Answer 20

highly branch network of blood vessels just deep to the epidermis

Question 21

nerve fibers in the skin are involved in what? (3 things)

Answer 21

regulation of blood flow, regulation of glands and sensations

Question 22

what are the four types of hair?

Answer 22

lanugo, vellus, intermediate, terminal

Question 23

lanugo hair

Answer 23

first hairs produced before birth

Question 24

vellus

Answer 24

peach fuzz

Question 25

intermediate

Answer 25

thin hair, colored hairs common to the limbs and groin

Question 26

terminal

Answer 26

coarse hair, deepest pigmented hair found on the head and face

Question 27

what are sebaceous glands?

Answer 27

exocrine glands that discharge oily secretions into hair follicles

Question 28

sebaceous follicles

Answer 28

large sebaceous glands that do not attach to a hair follicle

Question 29

sweat glands

Answer 29

sudoforiferous glands found throughout surface of the body

Question 30

what are apocrine sweat glands

Answer 30

sweat glands around the nipple and the groin

Question 31

merocrine sweat glands

Answer 31

very numerous, especially on the palms and soles

Question 32

Seborrhea

Answer 32

greasy skin

Question 33

Sebum

Answer 33

composed of lipids and dead fat cells