Chapter 4 (Prokaryotic cell)

Question 0

A gelatinous polysaccharide and/or polypeptide covering

Answer 0

Glycocalyx

Question 1

Bacteria that can assume several shapes

Answer 1

Plea morphia

Question 2

A glycocalyx that is unorganized and loosely attached to the cell wall

Answer 2

Slime layer

Question 3

An outer, viscous covering on some bacteria composed of a polysaccharide or polypeptide

• protect pathogens from phagocytosis
• enable adherence to surfaces

Answer 3

Capsule

Question 4

Relatively long filamentous appendages consisting of a filament, hook, and basal body

Answer 4

Flagella

Question 5

What does prokaryotic flagella do?

Answer 5

Rotate to push cell

Question 6

Movement toward an attractant

Answer 6

Positive taxis

Question 7

Movement away from a repellent

Answer 7

Negative taxis

Question 8

Spiral cells that move by means of an axial filament (endoflagellum)

Answer 8

Spirochetes

Question 9

The structure of motility found in Spirochetes, wraps around the cell

Answer 9

Axial filaments

Question 10

Helps cells adhere to surfaces

Answer 10

Fimbriae

Question 11

• involved in twitching motility and DNA transfer

- an appendage on a bacterial cell used for conjugation and gliding motility

Answer 11

Pili

Question 12

-surrounds the plasma membrane and protects the cell from changes in water pressure

Answer 12

Cell wall

Question 13

-consists of peptidoglycan, a polymer consisting of NAG and NAM and short chains of amino acids

Answer 13

Bacterial cell wall

Question 14

Interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis

Answer 14

Penicillin

Question 15

What are the three parts of flagella?

Answer 15

• basal body
• hook
• filament

Question 16

Positive taxis

Answer 16

Movement toward an attractant

Question 17

Negative taxis

Answer 17

Movement away from a repellent

Question 18

Help cells to adhere to surfaces

Answer 18

Fimbriae

Question 19

involved in twitching motility and DNA transfer

Answer 19

Pili

Question 20

what does the cell wall surround and protect?

Answer 20

Surrounds the plasma membrane and

protects the cells from changes in water pressure

Question 21

• consists of many layers of peptidoglycan

- contain teichoic acid

Answer 21

Gram-positive cell walls

Question 22

-have a lipopolysaccharide-lipoprotein-phospholipid outer membrane surrounding a thin peptidoglycan layer

Answer 22

Gram-negative bacteria

Question 23

-enclose the cytoplasm and is a lipid belayer with peripheral and integral proteins

Answer 23

Plasma membrane

Question 24

what is selectively permeable?

Answer 24

the plasma membrane

Question 25

Fluid component inside plasma membrane

Answer 25

Cytoplasm

Question 26

Contains the DNA of the bacterial chromosome

Answer 26

Nucleoid

Question 27

• resting structures formed by some bacteria

- allow survival during adverse environmental conditions

Answer 27

Endospores