Chapter 4: The Muscular System

Question 1

bi-

Answer 1

twice, double, two

Question 2

clon/o

Answer 2

violent action

Question 3

dys-

Answer 3

bad, difficult, or painful

Question 4

fasci/o

Answer 4

fascia, fibrous band

Question 5

fibr/o

Answer 5

fibrous tissue, fiber

Question 6

-ia

Answer 6

abnormal condition, disease

Question 7

-ic

Answer 7

pertaining to

Question 8

kines/o, kinesi/o

Answer 8

movement

Question 9

-lysis

Answer 9

to set free, breakdown

Question 10

my/o

Answer 10

muscle

Question 11

-plegia

Answer 11

paralysis, stroke

Question 12

tax/o

Answer 12

coordination, order

Question 13

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

Answer 13

tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

Question 14

ton/o

Answer 14

tone, stretching, tension

Question 15

tri-

Answer 15

three

Question 16

movement of a limb away from the midline

Answer 16

abduction

Question 17

movement towards the mind line

Answer 17

adduction

Question 18

band of fibrous tissue holding structures together abnormally

Answer 18

adhesion

Question 19

lack of muscle coordination leading to clumsy, uncontrolled movement

Answer 19

ataxia

Question 20

loss of muscle tone or tension

Answer 20

atonic

Question 21

weakness/wearing away of tissues and structures

Answer 21

atrophy

Question 22

extreme slowness in movement

Answer 22

bradykinesia

Question 23

tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused

Answer 23

carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 24

profound fatigue not improved by best rest and may be worsened by physical or mental activity

Answer 24

chronic fatigue syndrome

Question 25

circular movement at the far end of a limb

Answer 25

circumduction

Question 26

swelling within the compartment that separates groups of muscles in the arm or leg

Answer 26

compartment syndrome

Question 27

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues

Answer 27

contracture

Question 28

bending the foot upward at the ankle decreasing angle between top of the foot and front of the leg

Answer 28

dorsiflexion

Question 29

distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions

Answer 29

dyskinesia

Question 30

measures electrical activity within muscles fibers in response to nerve stimulation

Answer 30

electromyography

Question 31

inflammation of tissues surrounding the elbow

Answer 31

epicondylitis

Question 32

study of human factors affecting design and operation of tools and the work environment

Answer 32

ergonomics

Question 33

inflammation of fascia

Answer 33

fasciitis

Question 34

chronic conditions characterized by fatigue and pain

Answer 34

fibromyalgia

Question 35

benign, fluid-filled bump usually on the outer surface of the wrist or hand

Answer 35

ganglion cyst

Question 36

calcium deposits in plantar fascia near attachment to the calcaneus

Answer 36

heel spur

Question 37

partial weakness of one side of the body

Answer 37

hemiparesis

Question 38

total paralysis of one side of the body

Answer 38

hemiplegia

Question 39

tissue protruding through a weak area in the muscle normally containing it

Answer 39

hernia

Question 40

abnormal increased muscle function or activity

Answer 40

hyperkinesia

Question 41

diminished tone of skeletal muscles

Answer 41

hypotonia

Question 42

inflammation and swelling of tendons in space between bones within the shoulder joint

Answer 42

impingement syndrome

Question 43

the process of supplying nerves to a body part to regulate its functions

Answer 43

innervation

Question 44

point where a muscle or ligament attaches to a bone or another part of the body

Answer 44

insertion

Question 45

a condition where leg pain or cramping occurs during exercise or walking and is relieved quickly

Answer 45

intermittent claudication

Question 46

progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles general term

Answer 46

muscular dystrophy

Question 47

chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction

Answer 47

myasthenia gravis

Question 48

quick, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles

Answer 48

myoclonus

Question 49

soft tissue manipulation technique to ease pain

Answer 49

myofascial release

Question 50

weakness or slight muscular paralysis

Answer 50

myoparesis

Question 51

suturing a muscle

Answer 51

myorrhaphy

Question 52

external and internal found in abdomen

Answer 52

oblique

Question 53

attachment point to a bone

Answer 53

origin

Question 54

partial paralysis paralysis of both legs and lower parts of the body

Answer 54

paraplegia

Question 55

inflammation of plantar fascia on sole of foot

Answer 55

plantar fasciitis

Question 56

inflammation weakening voluntary muscles

Answer 56

polymyositis

Question 57

palm of hand/sole of foot is backward/downward

Answer 57

pronation

Question 58

paralysis of all 4 extremities

Answer 58

quadriplegia

Question 59

loss of muscle mass/strength/function

Answer 59

sarcopenia

Question 60

tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the shin bone

Answer 60

shin splint

Question 61

myoclonus of the diaphragm

Answer 61

singultus

Question 62

injury to a joint usually due to wrenching or tearing of a ligament

Answer 62

sprain

Question 63

surgical procedure to release a tendon from its adhesions

Answer 63

tenolysis

Question 64

inflammation of a sheath surround a tendon

Answer 64

tenosynovitis

Question 65

cutting or releasing a tendon

Answer 65

tenotomy

Question 66

stiff neck

Answer 66

torticollis