Chapter 9: Urinary System

Question 1

-cele

Answer 1

hernia, tumor, swelling

Question 2

cyst/o

Answer 2

urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid

Question 3

dia-

Answer 3

through, between, apart, complete

Question 4

glomerul/o

Answer 4

glomerulus

Question 5

hydr/o

Answer 5

water

Question 6

lith/o

Answer 6

stone, calculus

Question 7

-lysis

Answer 7

breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening

Question 8

nephr/o

Answer 8

kidney

Question 9

pyel/o

Answer 9

renal pelvis, bowl of kidney

Question 10

-tripsy

Answer 10

to crush

Question 11

ur/o

Answer 11

urine, urinary tract

Question 12

ureter/o

Answer 12

ureter

Question 13

urethr/o

Answer 13

urethra

Question 14

-uria

Answer 14

urination, urine

Question 15

vesic/o

Answer 15

urinary bladder

Question 16

microscopic functional units
site of urine production using filtration, reabsorption, and secretion

Answer 16

nephron

Question 17

distention (swelling) of ureter with urine that cannot flow because of a ureteral obstruction

Answer 17

hydroureter

Question 18

discharge of blood from the ureter

Answer 18

ureterrhagia

Question 19

any disease of the kidney

Answer 19

nephropathy

Question 20

results from renal failure; kidney function is compromised
urea and waste products normally secreted in urine are retained in blood

Answer 20

uremia

Question 21

sudden onset and is characterized by uremia

Answer 21

acute renal failure

Question 22

progressive loss of renal function over months or years
build up of waste in blood can be a contributing factor in heart attacks and stroke

Answer 22

chronic kidney disease

Question 23

aka kidney failure
final stage of chronic kidney disease
fatal without dialysis or a successful kidney transplant

Answer 23

end-stage renal disease

Question 24

group of conditions when excessive amounts of protein are lost through urine

Answer 24

nephrotic syndrome

Question 25

abnormally high concentrations of protein in urine

Answer 25

hyperproteinuria

Question 26

abnormally low concentrations of protein in blood

Answer 26

hypoproteinemia

Question 27

congenital conditions one kidney is located in an abnormal position or has fused with the other kidney

Answer 27

ectopic kidney

Question 28

dilation (swelling) of one or both kidneys

Answer 28

hydronephrosis

Question 29

inflammation of the glomeruli red blood cells and protein leak into urine

Answer 29

glomerulonephritis

Question 30

genetic disorder numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

Answer 30

polycystic kidney disease

Question 31

acute pain caused by a blockage during passage of a kidney stone

Answer 31

renal colic

Question 32

abnormal mineral deposit formed within the body

Answer 32

kidney stone

Question 33

presence of stones in the kidney travel w flow of urine

Answer 33

nephrolithiasis

Question 34

kidney stone or renal calculus found in the kidney

Answer 34

nephrolith

Question 35

stone located anywhere along the ureter

Answer 35

ureterolith

Question 36

stone located within urinary bladder

Answer 36

cystolith

Question 37

hernia of bladder though vaginal wall

Answer 37

cystocele

Question 38

chronic inflammation within walls of bladder

Answer 38

interstitial cystitis

Question 39

interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination

Answer 39

neurogenic bladder

Question 40

enlarged prostate

Answer 40

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 41

compression/obstruction of urethra

Answer 41

prostatism

Question 42

bleeding from urethra

Answer 42

urethrorrhagia

Question 43

narrowing of urethra exclusive to men

Answer 43

urethristenosis

Question 44

male: opening located on upper surface of penis female: opening at region of clitoris

Answer 44

epispadias

Question 45

male: opening on ventral surface of penis female: opens into vagina

Answer 45

hypospadias

Question 46

absence of urine formation

Answer 46

anuria

Question 47

scant urination

Answer 47

oliguria

Question 48

increased output of urine

Answer 48

diuresis

Question 49

difficult, painful urination

Answer 49

dysuria

Question 50

urinary incontinence during sleep

Answer 50

nocturnal enuresis

Question 51

frequent, excessive urination during the night

Answer 51

nocturia

Question 52

excessive urination

Answer 52

polyuria

Question 53

insertion of a tube into the bladder

Answer 53

urinary catheterization

Question 54

examination of urinary bladder using a specialized type of endoscope

Answer 54

cystoscopy

Question 55

x-ray images of kidneys, ureters, and bladder using an intravenous contrast medium to clearly visualize the structures

Answer 55

intravenous pyelogram

Question 56

fluoroscopy used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder through the urethra

Answer 56

voiding cystourethrography

Question 57

procedure to remove waste products

Answer 57

dialysis

Question 58

waste products are filtered directly from patients blood

Answer 58

hemodialysis

Question 59

surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions

Answer 59

nephrolysis

Question 60

placement of catheter to maintain opening from pelvis of one or both kidneys to exterior of body

Answer 60

nephrostomy

Question 61

surgical incision into renal pelvis

Answer 61

pyelotomy

Question 62

most common kidney stone treatment uses high-energy

Answer 62

extracorpeal shockwave lithotripsy

Question 63

surgical removal of a nephrolith performed through a small incision

Answer 63

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Question 64

inserting a catheter through an incision

Answer 64

suprapubic catheterization

Question 65

surgical repair of damage/defect in walls of urethra

Answer 65

urethroplasty

Question 66

surgical incision into urethra to relieve stricture

Answer 66

urethrotomy

Question 67

use of resectoscope to remove excess tissue from enlarged prostate gland

Answer 67

transurethral prostatectomy

Question 68

term used to describe some treatments of prostate cancer

Answer 68

ablation

Question 69

inflammation of the bladder

Answer 69

cystitis

Question 70

excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues that can be symptomatic of nephrotic syndrome and other kidney disease

Answer 70

edema

Question 71

inability to control the excretion of urine, feces, or both

Answer 71

incontinence

Question 72

lining of peritoneal cavity acts as a filter to remove waste from the blood

Answer 72

peritoneal dialysis

Question 73

inflammation of both the renal pelvis and kidney

Answer 73

pyelonephritis

Question 74

removal of excess tissue from enlarged prostate gland with the use of a resectoscope

Answer 74

transurethral prostatectomy

Question 75

inflammation of urethra

Answer 75

urethritis

Question 76

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows constant involuntary flow of urine from bladder into vagina

Answer 76

vesicovaginal fistula

Question 77

a rare malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children

Answer 77

wilms tumor