Chapter 8: Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
an/o
A
anus, ring
2
Q
chol/e
A
bile, gall
3
Q
cholecyst/o
A
gallbladder
4
Q
col/o, colon/o
A
colon, large intestine
5
Q
-emesis
A
vomiting
6
Q
enter/o
A
small intestine
7
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
8
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach, belly
9
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
10
Q
-lithiasis
A
presence of stone
11
Q
-pepsia
A
digest, digestion
12
Q
-phagia
A
eating, swallowing
13
Q
proct/o
A
anus and rectum
14
Q
rect/o
A
rectum, straight
15
Q
sigmoid/o
A
sigmoid colon
16
Q
wave like contractions moving food forward into the digestive system
A
peristalsis
17
Q
rumbling noises caused by the movement of gas in the intestine
A
borborygmus
18
Q
white precancerous lesion developing on tongue and inside of neck
A
leukoplakia
19
Q
crack-like sores at corners of mouth
A
cheilosis
20
Q
restriction of opening of mouth
caused by trauma, surgery, or radiation of oral cancer
A
trismus
21
Q
lack of adequate saliva due to diminished secretions by salivary glands
A
xerostomia
22
Q
inflammation of mucosa of the mouth
A
stomatitis
23
Q
any deviation from the normal positioning of the upper teeth against the lower teeth
A
malocclusion
24
Q
difficulty swallowing
A
dysphagia
25
upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease
26
enlarged, swollen veins at lower end of esophagus
can cause severe bleeding if one of these veins rupture
esophageal varices
27
a portion of the stomach protrudes upward into the chest through an opening in the diaphragm
hiatal hernia
28
gastric motility slows down
causes delayed gastric emptying
gastroparesis
29
sores that affect the mucous membranes of the digestive system
peptic ulcer disease
30
physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass
cachexia
31
excessive accumulation of fat in the body
more than 20-30% over established weight standards for height, age, etc.
obesity
32
excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking
aerophagia
33
pain or discomfort during the digestion process
dyspepsia (indegestion)
34
burp!
eructation
35
vomiting of coagulated blood
hematemesis
36
extreme, persistent vomiting that can cause dehydration
hyperemesis
37
return of swallowed food into the mouth
regurgitation
38
inherited autoimmune disorder characterized by severe reaction to food containing gluten
damages villi of small intestine leading to malabsoption
celiac disease
39
mushroom-like growth from the surface of the mucous membrane
may be benign or malignant
polyp
40
chronic presence of abnormal number of sacs formed in weak spots of the colon wall
diverticulosis
41
inflammation or infection of one or more sacs in the colon
diverticulitis
42
inflammation of small intestine
may be viral or bacterial
enteritis
43
partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine
due to decrease in peristalsis
may occur temporarily after abdominal surgery
ileus
44
chronic, repeated episodes of inflammation in the innermost lining of the rectum and large intestine causing ulcers and irritation
ulcerative colitis
45
chronic, autoimmune disorder occurring anywhere in the digestive tract
permeates every layer of affected tissue
Crohn's disease
46
twisting of the intestine on itself
volvulus
47
profusion of loop of bowel through weak place in lower abdominal wall
inguinal hernia
48
transmitted by feces through direct contact with animals or eating contaminated foods, unpasteurized milk, and cheese products
salmonellosis
49
black, tarry, foul-smelling feces
usually indicates bleeding in upper part of GI tract
melena
50
abnormal accumulation of serous fluids in abdominal cavity
may be result of severe liver disease
ascites
51
yellow discoloration of skin, mucous membranes, and eyes
due to increased bilirubin in blood
jaundice
52
inflammation of the liver
usually caused by a viral infection
hepatitis
53
chronic degenerative disease of liver
cirrhosis
54
acute inflammation of bile duct
usually caused by bacterial infection
cholangitis
55
inflammation of gallbladder
often associated with gallstones
cholecystitis
56
presence of gallstones in gallbladder or bile ducts
cholelithiasis
57
radiographic examination of bile ducts with the use of contrast medium
cholangiography
58
placement of solution into rectum/colon to empty the lower intestine
enema
59
allows direct visualization of upper GI tract
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
60
direct visual examination of inner surface of the entire colon from rectum to cecum
colonoscopy
61
endoscopic examination of interior of rectum, signed colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon
sigmoidoscopy
62
laboratory test for hidden blood in stool
hemoccult test
63
profession cleaning of teeth
dental prophylaxis
64
prevents or relieves nausea/vomiting
antiemetic
65
placement of feeding tube from exterior of body directly into stomach to provide nutrition
gastrostomy tube
66
excretory opening between the colon and body surface
colostomy
67
connects two hollow, or tubular, structures
anastomosis
68
anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and duodenum
gastroduodenostomy
69
surgical removal of the gallbladder
cholecystectomy
70
branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and management of obesity and associated diseases
bariatrics
71
gray-white pits with a red border in the soft tissues lining the mouth
canker sores
72
a visual examination of internal structures
endoscopy
73
placement of a nasogastric feeding tube through the nose and into the stomach
nasogastric intubation
74
surgical repair of a cleft plate
palatoplasty
75
a physician who specializes in disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus
proctologist
