Chapter 5 Flashcards

(19 cards)

1
Q

How to interpret percentiles

A

If a baby’s weight is in the 30th percentile then 30 percent of baby’s that age weigh less than that. 70% weigh more

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2
Q

What is occurring for the brain of an infant to triple in size by the 2nd birthday

A

Growth of dendrites

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3
Q

What does the growth and pruning process of the neural connections entail

A

Each dendrite growth is transient exuberance because it is so rapid
It is then followed by pruning: when applied to brain development the process by which unused connections of the brain atrophy and die

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4
Q

What are sleep patterns like for an average newborn

A

15-17 hours a day in 1-3 hour segments
Decreases with maturity
Changes culturally
Full term sleep more than pre term

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5
Q

What sense is least developed at birth

A

Vision because the fetus has nothing to see in the womb

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6
Q

What sense is already acute at birth

A

Hearing

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7
Q

How far in the distance can babies focus

A

4-30 inches

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8
Q

What is binocular vision and when does it appear

A

3 months
Focus on an object with both eyes
2 overlapping fields of view allowing good depth perception

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9
Q

What are gross motor skills

A

Large movements, walking jumping, physical

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10
Q

What age range do babies begin to crawl and walk

A

Walk- 1 year

6-10 months- crawl

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11
Q

What is the definition of fine motor skills and what are some examples

A

Small movements involving hands and fingers

Drawing
Picking up a coin

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12
Q

What are experience expectant and experience dependent brain functions

A

Expectant- require certain basic common experiences(which an infant can be expected to have) in order to develop normally
Dependent: depend on particular variable experiences and that therefore may not develop ( not essential)

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13
Q

Why is breastfeeding beneficial for babies

A

Colostrum: fluid secreted from breast
Rich in essential nutrients for brain and body
Brest milk provides antibodies so babies get sick less
Lower rates of diabetes and heart disease and obesity
More digestible, better for the brain

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14
Q

Body size

A

Birthweight Doubles by month 4 and triples by year 1

Avg birthweight: 7 pounds

Length: 20 inches

Small babies have extra gain

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15
Q

Does brain growth depend on genes or experience

A

Mostly experience, genes are the outline

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16
Q

Ways to harm the infant brain

A

Lack of stimulation: playing moment etc

Stress

Intervention: shaken baby syndrome

Social deprivation

17
Q

3 interacting elements underlying motor skills

A

Muscle strength
Brain maturation
Practice

Skills are developed in the same sequence, age of acquisition varies

18
Q

Immunization

A

Resists to diseases

Contributing to reduced death and higher population growth

Successes: polio smallpox measles rotavirus

19
Q

Failure to thrive

A

Baby is not gaining Normal amount of weight