Chapter 5

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

A collection of individuals who perceive themselves to be a group or a social unit of individuals interacting

Question 2

Team

Answer 2

A team is group that has a common purpose or goal and allocated membership

Question 3

Plant

Answer 3

A creative, imaginative, unorthodox team-member who solves difficult problems.
They may situate themselves far from the other members but always come back to present their ‘brilliant’ ideas

Question 4

Resource Investigator

Answer 4

Networker for the group. Whatever the team needs, they are likely to know someone, or where to find someone who can provide it

Question 5

Chairman/ Co-ordinator

Answer 5

Ensures all the members of the team are able to contribute to discussion and decisions of the team. They have concern for fairness and equity amongst the team members.

Question 6

Shaper

Answer 6

Dynamic team-member who loves challenges and thrives on pressure. Possesses the drive and courage required to overcome obstacles

Question 7

Monitor-Evaluator

Answer 7

Sober, strategic and discerning member who tries to see all options and judge accurately.

Question 8

Team Worker

Answer 8

Ensures interpersonal relationships are maintained. Sensitive to atmosphere are may be the first to approach another team member who feels excluded.

Question 9

Company worker/ Implementer

Answer 9

Practical thinker who creates systems and processes that will produce that the team wants. Takes a problem and works out who it can be practically addressed.

Question 10

Complete finisher

Answer 10

Detailed person who spots flaws and gaps and knows where the team is in relation to its schedule. Ensures the quality and timeliness of the output of the team.

Question 11

Specialist

Answer 11

Brings ‘specialist’ knowledge to the team

Question 12

Motivation

Answer 12

The urge to take action to achieve or avoid something

Question 13

Content theories

Answer 13

Assumes behaviour is caused by, and directed towards, the satisfaction of personal needs

Question 14

Process theories

Answer 14

How people can be motivated at the process of meeting their needs

Question 15

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 15

Internal - individuals interests, job control etc

Question 16

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 16

External - money, promotion etc

Question 17

Intrinsic feedback

Answer 17

From within the organisation

Question 18

Extrinsic feedback

Answer 18

From the environment

Question 19

Concurrent feedback

Answer 19

During the act

Question 20

Feedback should be:

Answer 20

Clear
Frequent
Unbiased

Question 21

Transaction costs

Answer 21

Concerned with why organisations exist and why transactions take place between organisations rather than simply between individuals

Question 22

Translation cost theory

Answer 22

“A business’s organisational structure will evolve towards a cost-efficient model as one goal of organisations is to reduce cost”

Question 23

Williamson on Transaction cost theory:

Answer 23

The market or contractual approach would prove unsatisfactory in the long term and with increasing complexity, due to a combination of uncertainty and bounded rationality.
He believed that hierarchical structured organisations were better suited to controlling resources and carrying out operations in an uncertain environment.

Question 24

Bounded rationality

Answer 24

The acceptance of the fact that it is not possible to have perfect knowledge, in advance, of what changes in economic relationships will be.

Question 25

Asset Specificity

Answer 25

The degree to which related assets, in determining a transaction cost, can only be used for that particular activity

Question 26

Site specificity

Answer 26

Where assets cannot be moved from one particular location

Question 27

Physical asset specificity

Answer 27

Referring to a unique asset such as a piece of sculpture

Question 28

Human asset specificity

Answer 28

Referring to the skills and knowledge inherent within a particular organisation

Question 29

Dedicated asset specificity

Answer 29

Relating to an asset made to a customer’s specific requirements with only one use such as a computer system

Question 30

Brand name capital specificity

Answer 30

Where a brand name is liked to a certain products but its value could be impaired if wider spread

Question 31

Temporal specificity

Answer 31

Having the right to provide a service for a period of time such as owning a licence.

Question 32

Service level agreements (SLAs)

Answer 32

Details the relationship and expected service levels between the organisation and the outsource partner

Question 33

Co-creation with custoemrs

Answer 33

A development of business seeking to involve customers in the creation or products and services. “customers” here means those receiving the product or service being delivered, so includes internal customers.

Question 34

Role theory

Answer 34

Discusses various considerations that influence how individuals carry out their roles and hence how effective teams are