Flashcards in chapter 5 section 1 Deck (23):
1
Movement across the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell; Higher concentration to lower concentration.
Passive transport
2
movement of molecule from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
diffusion
3
difference in the concentration of molecules across a space
concentration gradient
4
when the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space
equilibrium
5
the ability of a molecule to diffuse across a cell membrane depends on.....?
the size and type of the molecule and on the chemical nature of the membrane.
6
molecules that are very small but not soluble in lipids, diffuse across the cell membrane by moving through.....?
pores of the membrane.
7
the process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from a n area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is...
osmosis
8
the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is _______ to the cytosol; water diffuses into the cell
hypotonic
9
the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is ______ to the cytosol; water diffuses out of the cell
hypertonic
10
the concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal
isotonic
11
organelles that remove water; collect excess water and pump out of the cell; requires energy
contractile vacuole
12
pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall is ____
turgor pressure
13
In a hypertonic environment; water leaves the cell through osmosis. Cells shrink away from the cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost
plasmolysis
14
bursting of cells
cytolosis
15
process used for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly through cell membranes,.
facilitated diffusion
16
_______ assist in the movement of molecules across a cell membrane ; higher concentration to lower concentration
carrier proteins
17
channels that assist certain ions in diffusing across the cell membrane.
ion channels
18
substances that can pass through cell membranes by diffusion include _____?
oxygen
19
the contractile vacuole of a paramecium should be active when the paramecium is in
a hypotonic environment.
20
when a human red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic environment, it will
undergo cytolosis
21
facilitated diffusion is often used to transport
molecules that are not soluble in lipids.
22
Na + ions enter cells by
diffusing through Na+ ion channels.
23