Chapter 5: Vocabulary Flashcards
(164 cards)
1
Q
Abrasion
A
A scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area
2
Q
Abscess
A
A localized collection of pus in any part of the body
3
Q
Albino
A
An individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin
4
Q
Alopecia
A
Partial or complete loss of hair
Baldness
May result from normal aging, a reaction to a medication such as anticancer medication, an endocrine disorder, or some skin disease
5
Q
Amputation
A
The surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or a part of a limb
Performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb
6
Q
Basal layer
A
The deepest of five layers of the epidermis
7
Q
Blackhead
A
An open comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair collide
8
Q
Blister
A
A small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid
A vesicle
9
Q
Boil
A
A localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle
A furuncle
10
Q
Bruise
A
A bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissue as a result of an injury to an area
11
Q
Bulla
A
A large blister
12
Q
Carbuncle
A
A circumscribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissue that contains pus, which eventually discharges to the skin surface
13
Q
Cellulitis
A
A diffuse acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by localized heat, deep redness, pain, and swelling
14
Q
Cerumen
A
Ear wax
15
Q
Ceruminous gland
A
A modified sweat gland that lubricates that skin of the ear canal with a yellowish- brown wax substance called cerumen (or earwax)
16
Q
Cicatrix
A
A scar
The pale, form tissue that forms in the healing of the wound
17
Q
Circumscribed
A
Confined to a limited space or well-defined area
18
Q
Collagen
A
The protein substance that forms the glistening inelastic fibers of connective tissue such as tendons, ligaments, and fascia
19
Q
Comedo
A
The typical lesion of ache vulgaris, caused by accumulation of Keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
Closed = Whitehead
Open = blackhead
20
Q
Contusion
A
An injury to a part of the body without a break in the skin
21
Q
Corium
A
The dermis
The layer of skin just under the epidermis
22
Q
Cryosurgery
A
A noninvasive treatment that uses subfreezing temperature to freeze and destroy the tissue
Coolants such as liquid nitrogen are used in the metal probe
23
Q
Curettage
A
The process of scraping material them the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material
24
Q
Cutaneous membrane
A
The skin
25
Cuticle
A fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail
26
Cyanosis
A condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin
27
Cyst
A closed sac or pouch in on within the skin that contains fluid semifluid, or solid material
28
Debridement
Removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and to promote healing
29
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
30
Dermat/o
Skin
31
-itis
Inflammation
32
Dermatologist
A physician who specializes in the treatment of disease and disorders of the skin
33
-Logist
Specialist in the study of
34
Dermatology
The study of the skin
35
-Logy
The study of
36
Dermis
The layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis
The corium
37
Derm/o
Skin
38
-is
Noun ending
39
Diaphoresis
The secretion of sweat
40
Ecchymosis
A bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissue as a result of injury to the area
Also known as a bruise or a black-and-blue mark
41
Electrodesiccation
A technique that uses an electrical spank to burn and destroy tissue
Use primarily for the removal of surface lesions
42
Epidermis
The outermost layer of the skin
43
Epi-
Upon, over
44
epidermoid cyst
A cyst filled with a cheesy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland
Also known as a sebaceous cyst
45
-oid
Resembling
46
Epithelium
The tissue that covers the internal and external surface of the body
47
Erythema
Redness of the skin due to capillary dilation
Example is nervous blushing blushing or a mild sunburn
48
Erythremia
All abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells
Polycythemia Vera
49
Erythr/o
Red
50
- emia
Blood condition
51
Erythroderma
Redness of skin
52
-A
Noun ending
53
Excoriation
An injury to the surface of the skin caused by trauma, such as scratching or abrasion
54
Exfoliation
Peeling or sloughing off of tissue cells, as in peeling of the skin after a severe sunburn
55
Fissure
A crack like sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane
56
Fistula
An abnormal passageway between two tubular organs (eg., rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surface
57
Furuncle
A localized pus-producing infection orginating deep in the hair follicle
A boil
58
Gangrene
Death of tissue, most often involving the extremities
Usually the result of ischemia ( loss of blood supply to an area), bacterial invasion, and subsequent putrefaction (decaying) of the tissue
59
Hair follicle
The tiny tube within the dermis that contains the root of a hair shaft
60
Hair root
The portion of a strand of hair that is embedded in the hair follicle
61
Hair shaft
The visible part of the hair
62
Hemangioma
A benign (nonmalignant) tumor that consists of a mass of blood vessels and has a reddish-purple color
63
Hem/o
Blood
64
Angi/o
Vessel
65
-Oma
Tumor
66
Heparin
A natural anticoagulant substance produced by the body tissues
Also produced in laboratories for therapeutic use as heparin sodium
67
Hirsutism
Excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women
68
Histamine
A substance (found in all cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory reactions
69
Histiocyte
Macrophage
Large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue
70
Hives
Circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the canter than its surrounding edges
71
Histi/o
Tissue
72
-Cyte
Cell
73
Hydrocele
A collection of fluid located in the area of the scrotal sac in the male
74
Hydr/o
Water
75
-Cele
Swelling or herniation
76
Ichthyosis
An inherited dermatological condition in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic (hardened) , and fissured - resembling fish scales
77
Ichthy/o
fishlike, scaly
78
-Osis
Condition
79
integument
The skin
80
Integumentary System
The body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
81
Keratin
A hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals
82
Keratolytic
An agent used to break down or loosen the horny (hardened) layer of the skin
83
Kerat/o
Hard, horny
Refers to cornea of the eye
84
-Lytic
Destruction
85
Laceration
A tear in the skin
86
Lanugo
Soft, very fine hair that covers the body of the developing fetus
This hairy coating is almost completly gone by birth
87
Lesion
Any visible damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil
88
Lipedema
An abnormal condition in which there is swelling/enlargement Of the lower extremities due to an irregular distribution of fat and fluid deposits in the subcutaneous tissue
Lower extremities are disproportionately larger than the upper portion in the body
89
Lip/o
Fat
90
-Edema
Swelling
91
Lipocyte
A fat cell
92
Lunula
The cresent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail
93
Macrophage
Large phagocytic cell (cell that ingest microorganisms, other cells, and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue
94
Macr/o
Large
95
Phag/o
To eat
96
-e
Noun ending
97
Macule
A small, fat discoloration of the skin that is neither raised nor depressed
98
Mast cell
A cell (found within the connective tissue) that contains heparin and histamine
These substances are released from the mast cell in response to injury and infection
99
Melanin
A black or dark pigment (produced by melanocytes within the epidermis) that contributes color to the skin and helps filter ultraviolet light
100
Melan/o
Black
101
Melanocytes
Cell responsible for producing melanin
102
Melanoma
Darkly pigmented tumor
103
-Oma
Tumor
104
Nail body
The visible part of the nail
105
Necrotizing fasciitis
Rare, but serious infection caused by bacteria that can destroy skin, fat, and tissue covering the muscle within a very short time
106
Nodule
A small, circumscribed swelling protruding above the skin
107
Oil gland
One of the many small glands located in the dermis
Secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin
108
Onycholysis
Separation of the fingernail from its bed, beginning at the free margin
Condition is associated with dermatitis of the hand, psoriasis, and fungal infections
109
Onych/o
Nail
110
-Lysis
Destruction or detachment
111
Onychomycosis
Any fungal infection of the hails
112
Myc/o
Fungus
113
Onlychophagia
The habit of biting the nails
114
-Phagia
To eat
115
pachyderma
Abnormal thickening of the skin
116
Pachy
Thick
117
Papule
A small, solid, circumscribed elevation of the skin
118
Paronychia
Inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail
Also called runaround
119
Par/o
Beside, beyond, near
120
-ia
Condition
121
Pediculosis
Infestation with lice
122
Perspiration
The clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands
123
Petechia
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin
124
Pimple
A papule or pustule of the skin
125
Polyp
A small, stalk-like growth that protrudes upward or outward from a mucous membrane surface, resembling a mushroom stalk
126
Pores
Opening of the skin through which substances such as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excreted
127
Pressure ulcer
An inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body, resulting from loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body part
Also known as a decubitus ulcer or pressure sore
128
Pruritus
Itching
129
Purpura
A group of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membrane
Small, pinpoint hemorrhages are known as petechia and larger hemorrhagic areas are known as ecchymoses or bruises
130
Pustule
A small elevation of the skin filled with pus
A small abscess
131
Scales
Thin flakes of hardened epithelium shed from the epidermis
132
Sebaceous cyst
A cyst filled with a cheesy material consisting of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in the duct of a sebaceous gland
Also known as an epidermoid cyst
133
Sebaceous gland
An oil gland located in the dermis
Secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin
134
Seborrhea
Excessive secretion of sebum, resulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales
135
Seb/o
Sebum
136
-rrhea
Flow, discharge
137
Sebum
The oily secretions of the sebaceous gland
138
-Um
Noun ending
139
Skin tags
A small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck
Also known as a cutaneous papilloma
140
Squamous epithelial cells
Flat scale like cells arranged in layers (strata)
141
Squamous epithelium
The single layer of flattened platelike cells that cover internal and external body surfaces
142
Stratified
Layered
Arranged in layers
143
Stratum
A uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells
144
Stratum basale
The layer of skin where new cells are continually being reproduced, pushing older cells towards the outermost surface of the skin
145
Stratum corneum
The outermost layer Of the epidermis (consisting of dead cells that have converted to keratin), which continually sloughs off or takes away
Known as the keratinized for "horny") cell layer
146
Stretch marks
Linear tears in the dermis that result from overstretching from rapid growth
147
Subcutaneous tissue
The fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis
148
Sub-
Beneath, under, below
149
Cutane/o
Skin
150
-Ous
Pertaining to
151
Subungual hematoma
A collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma (injury)
152
Suboriferous gland
A sweat gland
153
Sweat gland
One of the tiny structures within the dermis that produces sweat, which carries waste products to the surface of the skin for excretion
Also known as a sudoriferous gland
154
Telangiectasis
The permant dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules
155
Ulcer
A circumscribed, open love or lesion of the skin that is accompanied by inflammation
156
Urticaria
A reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth slightly elevated patches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding shin and often accompanied by severe itching
157
vesicle
A small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid
A blister
158
Vitiligo
A skip disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches of skin of gaming sizes that are surrounded by skin with normal pigmented
159
Wheal
A circumscribed, slightly elevated lesion of the skin that is paler in the center than its surrounding edges
Hives
160
White head
A closed comedo caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle
The content within is not easily expressed
161
Xanthoderma
Any yellow coloration of the skin
162
Xanth/o
Yellow
163
Xeroderma
A chronic skin condition characterized by roughness and dryness
164
Xer/o
Dry
