Chapter 50

Question 1

organismal ecology

Answer 1

morphological, physiological and behavioural adaptations allowing individuals to live in a certain area

Question 2

population ecology

Answer 2

focus on the number of individuals changing over time

Question 3

community ecology

Answer 3

nature of interactions between species and consequences of those interactions

Question 4

ecosystem ecology

Answer 4

how nutrients and energy move among organisms and through surrounding atmosphere, soil, water

Question 5

upwelling

Answer 5

nutrients on the surface fall to the bottom, brought up by upwelling - recycles nutrients

Question 6

lake turnover

Answer 6

cold water drops, heat rises, then heat drops and cold rises recycling the water

Question 7

productivity

Answer 7

light influences productivity - the amount of carbon fixation by photosynthesis per unit/area/year

Question 8

littoral zone

Answer 8

shallow water along the shore with rooted plants

Question 9

limnetic zone

Answer 9

offshore with water that gets enough light to start photosynthesis

Question 10

benthic zone

Answer 10

made of substrate

Question 11

photic zone

Answer 11

parts of littoral, limnetic and benthic zones with sunlight

Question 12

aphotic zone

Answer 12

parts of the lake/pond not getting sunlight

Question 13

wetlands

Answer 13

shallow water habitats with soggy soil, emergent vegetation, bogs, marshes, swamps

Question 14

bogs

Answer 14

develop in depressions where water flow is low, water is anoxic

Question 15

marshes

Answer 15

lack trees and have nonwoody plants

Question 16

swamps

Answer 16

trees and shrubs

Question 17

streams

Answer 17

water moving in one direction, has organisms at its beginning and end

Question 18

estuaries

Answer 18

rivers meet ocean, everything fluctuates but has tons of organisms

Question 19

intertidal

Answer 19

rocky, sandy, muddy beach associated with tides - ocean

Question 20

neritic zone

Answer 20

intertidal to 200m, continental shelf

Question 21

oceanic zone

Answer 21

open ocean after continental plate

Question 22

net primary productivity

Answer 22

total amount of carbon fixed per year minus amount oxidized during cellular respiration

Question 23

tropical wet forest

Answer 23

equator latitude
high temp - low variation
high precipitation - high variation

Question 24

subtropical deserts

Answer 24

30 deg latitude
high temp - moderate variation
low precipitation - low variation

Question 25

temperate grasslands

Answer 25

avg temp - moderate variation | low precipitation - moderate variation

Question 26

temperate forests

Answer 26

high temp - moderate variation low precip - low variation deciduous trees

Question 27

boreal forests

Answer 27

low temp - high variation | low precipitation - low variation

Question 28

arctic tundra

Answer 28

low temp - high variation | low precipitation - low variation