Quinn Midterm 2 Flashcards
(63 cards)
davids score
high school = high dominance
pukeko beaks
made the beaks smaller and the bird would have more attacks because he acted how he would with his regular beak size and the others thought he was being cocky so they attacked him, after the experiment the beak actually did get smaller showing a feedback mechanism
cukoo birds
males toss eggs out of the nest
proximate
immediate PHYSIOLOGICAL response that leads to behaviour
ultimate
adaptive value or evolutionary origins of behaviour - why they behave this way
deprivation experiment
no learning, isolate the subject so the genetic component of a behaviour can be proved
ex. squirrel is raised in a box from infancy without it’s natural environment and once placed in it’s environment with a nut it’ll bury the nut - suggests genetic component
selection experiment
breed for specific traits, after generations of selective breeding you get a large directional selection (separation) so you get both extremes
crossing of genetic strains
bees - haplodiploidy
haplodiploidy
queen bee stores sperm in the spermitheca and the bee will become a diploid female (worker), if the bee keeps the spermitheca closed then the bee will be a haploid male drone
hygenic bees
dead larvae in a cell - unseal and remove - reduces infection risk
nonhygenic bees
do not uncap and do not remove dead larvae
molecular genetics
mono amine oxidase - neurotransmitter that isn’t broken down causes hyperaggression
rover maggots - wander back and forth between food source
sitter maggots - sit on a patch of food
gene on chromosome 2 that has a forager gene causing the PKG to increase
fruit fly
high pkg for rover, low pkg for sitter
honey bee
high pkg makes the bee go to the hive quicker, low pkg causes the bee to stay in housekeeping for longer
worm
high pkg causes them to sit, low pkg causes them to roam (opposite)
ant
high pkg causes high guarding capabilities and have a major caste, low pkg causes high foraging with a minor caste
fixed action pattern
pattern played to completion once activated by a sensory cue, geese roll eggs back to nest no matter what, if you take the egg away mid roll it will keep rolling without the egg
blackcap birds
originally go southwest but now they go west and southwest, migration has a genetic component
instinct
during the first signal the behaviour is functional
learning
adaptive change in animals behaviour, experience based
pink cockatoo and galah
both lay eggs in the same nest and the cockatoo will kick the galah out but the nest will have galah eggs, the begging call will be galah, alarm call will be galah but contact call will be cockatoo because thats who the bird was raised around
habituation
repeated stimuli without reaction, we get used to wearing clothes
imprinting
structured learning, lifelong and genetically based
associative learning
classical conditioning (pavlovs dog), operant conditioning (trial and error)