Chapter 5A: Atkinsson-Shiffrin multi-store model of memory. Flashcards
(17 cards)
Memory
The process of encoding, storing and retrieving information that has been previously encountered.
Atkinson-Shiffrin Multi-Store Model of Memory
A model of memory which outlines the three seperate stores of memory. Each of which interact through the process of encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Three seperate stores of memory, Sensory, Short, Long term memory.
What is encoding?
The process of converting information into a useable form which can be manipulated and stored in the brain.
The Hippocampus is responsible for encoding explicit (semantic and episodic) memories.
What is retrieval?
The process of accessing information, that has been stored in long term memory, and bringing it into our conscious awareness in short-term memory.
Atkinson-Shiffrin multi-store model of memory
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A model of memory which outlines the three seperate stores of memory
5A - Atkinsons Shiffrin’s Multi-Store Model of memory
Encoding
The process of converting information into a useable form which can be manipulated and stored in the brain.
5A - Atkinsons Shiffrin’s Multi-Store Model of memory
What is Retrieval
The process of accessing information that has been stored in long term memory and bringingt it into our conscious awareness in short term memory
1)
Whats the definition of Sensory Memory?
A store of memory which briefly stores raw information detected by the senses.
Duration is 0.2-4 seconds (extremely brief and generally varies)
e.g: faces of your classmates, sounds of birds chirping, clothing tags against your skin.
2)
Define Short-Term Memory
A store of memory that temporarily stores a limited amount of informaton that is consciously being attended to and** actively manipulated**
Capacity: 5-9 items
Duration: 18-30 seconds (for most people)
e.g: reading sentences, shopping lists, phone numbers, people’s names.
5A - Atkinsons Shiffrin’s Multi-Store Model of memory
Strategy 1: Chunking,
What is Chunking?
“Chunking” is creating smaller “Chunks” of information that can be grouped together into larger “chunks” to hold more information in STM
5A - Atkinsons Shiffrin’s Multi-Store Model of memory
Strategy 2: Maintenance Rehearsal
Repeating new information over and over again to keep information in STM as long as possible.
This is useful for information that is needed temporarily but is not necessary for encoding into long-term memory.
Strategy 3: Elaborative Rehearsal
Making meaningful links of new information to old information
Most effective strategies for memoru as it not only encoes information successfuly into long term memory but increase likelihood of it staying there.
Also useful when learning large amounts of information.
3)
Define Long-Term Memory
A store of memory in which a potentially unlimited amount of information is stored for a relatively permanent amount of time.
What does long term memory look like?
The storage of all infomation you retain from past events as well as factual knowledge.
What is the capacity of long term memory?
Capacity is potentially unlimited
Name 2 Strengths Ooff the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
- Distinguishes different stores of memory.
- Demonstrates good understanding of the structure and process of memory
Name 2 Limitations of the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
- Might be oversimplified
- Doesn’t account for individual differences in memory processes, storage duration and capacity.
