Chapter 6

Question 1

Which 2 domains consist of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 1

Bacteria, archaea

Question 2

Where is the DNA located in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 2

Nucleoid, Nucleus

Question 3

Rigid structure outside of the cell membrane

Answer 3

Cell wall

Question 4

Allows passage of enough oxygen, nutrients, and wastes to service the cell

Answer 4

Plasma membrane

Question 5

Contains circular DNA

Answer 5

Bacterial chromosome

Question 6

Why are cells small?

Answer 6

Allows substances to cross faster, has a higher surface area

Question 7

Thin projections coming out of the cells

Answer 7

Microvilli

Question 8

Framework of protein fibers extending throughout the nuclear interior

Answer 8

Nuclear matrix

Question 9

Netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus by mechanically supporting the nuclear envelope

Answer 9

Nuclear lamina

Question 10

What are the 2 components of chromatin?

Answer 10

DNA and proteins

Question 11

What’s assembled in the nucleoli?

Answer 11

Ribosomal RNA and proteins

Question 12

Carry out proteins synthesis

Answer 12

Ribosomes

Question 13

What is the function of the smooth ER?

Answer 13

Metabolic processes, lipid synthesis

Question 14

What is the function of the rough ER?

Answer 14

Protein synthesis, makes membrane phospholipids

Question 15

sack of hydrolytic enzymes that animal cell uses to digest

Answer 15

Lysosome

Question 16

What is the pH of a lysosome?

Answer 16

7

Question 17

Engulfing smaller organisms or food particles

Answer 17

Phagocytosis

Question 18

Recycling the cell’s own organic materials

Answer 18

Autophagy

Question 19

Formed by phagocytosis of particles to be used as food for the cell

Answer 19

Food vacuoles

Question 20

Pumps excess water out of the cell

Answer 20

Contractile vacuoles

Question 21

Includes cell sap and absorbs water

Answer 21

Central vacuoles in plants

Question 22

Cells living within other cells

Answer 22

Endsymbiont

Question 23

What is the endosymbiont theory?

Answer 23

Early ancestor of eukaryotic cell engulfed an oxygen using nonphotosynthetic prokaryotic cell

Question 24

What is the function of mitochondira?

Answer 24

Cellular respiration

Question 25

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 25

Photosynthesis

Question 26

Removes hydrogen from substances and transfer them to oxygen creating H2O2

Answer 26

Peroxisome

Question 27

Play a role in mitosis

Answer 27

Centriole

Question 28

Made up of 2 centrioles

Answer 28

Centrosome

Question 29

Site of photosynthesis

Answer 29

Chloroplast

Question 30

Essential component of a cell membrane

Answer 30

Cholesterol

Question 31

Specialized for moving fluid past te cell

Answer 31

Cilia

Question 32

Intracellular signaling molecule (second messenger) in eukaryotic cells

Answer 32

cAMP

Question 33

Suspends organelles in cell

Answer 33

Cytoplasm

Question 34

Serve as mechanical, transport, and signaling functions; made up of microtubules and microfilament

Answer 34

Cytoskeleton

Question 35

Semifluid portion of the cytoplasm

Answer 35

Cytosol

Question 36

Intercellular junction in animal cells that functions as a rivet, fastening cells together

Answer 36

Desmosomes

Question 37

Made up of the nuclear envelope, golgi body, ER, cell membrane, lysosomes, vesicles, vacuoles

Answer 37

Endomembrane system

Question 38

Meshwork surrounding animal cells; made up of gylcoproteins, polysaccharides

Answer 38

Extracellular matrix

Question 39

Proteins surrounding the a pore that allows passage of materials between cells

Answer 39

Gap junction

Question 40

Modify, store, and route products from the ER

Answer 40

Golgi body

Question 41

Specific chemicals that act on certain cells

Answer 41

Hormone

Question 42

Site of cellular respiration

Answer 42

Mitchondria

Question 43

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus

Answer 43

Nuclear envelope

Question 44

Allows the passing of ions into the nucleus

Answer 44

Nuclear pore

Question 45

Where DNA is concentrated in a prokaryotic cell

Answer 45

Nucleoid

Question 46

Contains rRNA, site of ribosome synthesis

Answer 46

Nucleolus

Question 47

Contains the genetic material of a cell

Answer 47

Nucleus

Question 48

Holds water in a plant cell

Answer 48

Vacuole

Question 49

Transport materials in the cell

Answer 49

Vesicle