Chapter 6: adaptations to aerobic endurance training programs

Question 1

VO2 max =

Answer 1

cardiac output x atriovenous oxygen difference

Question 2

cardiac output =

Answer 2

stroke volume x heart rate

Question 3

rate pressure product =

Answer 3

heart rate x systolic blood pressure

Question 4

this is an estimate of the work of the heart

Answer 4

rate-pressure product (double product)

Question 5

this results in increased cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, oxygen uptake, systolic blood pressure, and bloodflow to muscles, and decrease of this

Answer 5

acute aerobic exercise

diastolic blood pressure

Question 6

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: muscular strength

Answer 6

no change

Question 7

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: muscular endruance

Answer 7

increase for lower power output

Question 8

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: aerobic power

Answer 8

increases

Question 9

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: maximal rate of force production

Answer 9

no change/decreases

Question 10

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: vertical jump

Answer 10

no change

Question 11

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: anaerobic power

Answer 11

no change

Question 12

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: sprint speed

Answer 12

no change

Question 13

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: fiber size

Answer 13

no change/increases slightly

Question 14

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: capillary density

Answer 14

increases

Question 15

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: mitochondrial density

Answer 15

increases

Question 16

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: myofibrillar packing density

Answer 16

no change

Question 17

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: myofibrillar volume

Answer 17

no change

Question 18

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: cytoplasmic denisty

Answer 18

no change

Question 19

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: myosin heavy change protein

Answer 19

no change/decrease

Question 20

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: creatine phosphokinase

Answer 20

increase

Question 21

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: myokinase

Answer 21

increases

Question 22

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: phosphofructokinase

Answer 22

variable

Question 23

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: lactate dehydrogenase

Answer 23

variable

Question 24

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: sodium-potassium ATPase

Answer 24

may slightly increase

Question 25

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: stored ATP

Answer 25

increase

Question 26

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: stored CP

Answer 26

increases

Question 27

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: stored glycogen

Answer 27

increase

Question 28

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: stored tryglycerides

Answer 28

increase

Question 29

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: ligament strength

Answer 29

increase

Question 30

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: tendon strength

Answer 30

increase

Question 31

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: collagen content

Answer 31

variable

Question 32

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: bone density

Answer 32

no change/increase

Question 33

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: %body fat

Answer 33

decrfease

Question 34

Physiological adaptations to aerobic endurance training: FFM

Answer 34

no change

Question 35

Immediate adjustments to altitude hypoxia: pulmonary

Answer 35

hyperventilation

Question 36

Immediate adjustments to altitude hypoxia: acid-base

Answer 36

body fluids become more alkaline due to reduction in CO2 with hyperventilation

Question 37

Immediate adjustments to altitude hypoxia: cardiovascular

Answer 37

``` CO increases submaximal HR increases Stroke volume stays the same/slight increase HRmax same/slightly lower COmax same/slightly lower ```

Question 38

Longer term adjustments to altitude hypoxia: pulmonary

Answer 38

increase in ventilation rate stabilizers

Question 39

Longer term adjustments to altitude hypoxia: acid base

Answer 39

excretion of HCO3- by the kidneys with concomitant reduction in alkaline reserve

Question 40

Longer term adjustments to altitude hypoxia: cardiovascular

Answer 40

continued elevation of HRsubmax Decreased stroke volume HRmax lowered COmax lowered

Question 41

Longer term adjustments to altitude hypoxia: hematologic

Answer 41

red cell production, viscosisty, and hematocrit increase | plasma volume decreased

Question 42

Longer term adjustments to altitude hypoxia: local tissue

Answer 42

increases in capillary density of skeletal muscle, number of mitochondria, and use of FFA, with sparing of muscle glycogen