Flashcards in chapter 6 - additional suffixes and digestive system terms Deck (36)
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-ectasis , -ectasia
stretching, dilation, dilatation, widening
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-emesis
vomiting
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-lysis
destruction, breakdown, separation
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-pepsia
digestion
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-phagia
eating, swallowing
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-phasia
speech
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-plasia
formation
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-plasty
surgical repair
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-ptosis
drooping, sagging, protruding
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-ptysis
spitting
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-rrhage, -rrhagia
bursting forth (of blood)
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-rrhaphy
suture
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-rrhea
flow, discharge
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-spasm
involuntary contraction of muscles
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-stasis
stopping, controlling
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-stenosis
tightening, stricture, narrowing
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hemoptysis
spitting up blood from the resp tract . a sign of bleeding and disease within the bronchial tubes and lungs
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hematemesis
vomiting blood, a sign of bleeding from the upper GI tract
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-tresia
opening
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liver function tests (LFT's) - test for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in the blood
ALT (alanine transaminase)
AST (aspartate transaminase)
Alkaline phosphatase (alk phos)
Serum bilirubin
Direct/Indirect bilirubin test
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stool culture
test for microorganisms present in feces
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stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test
test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces
important screening test for colon cancer
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many of the x-ray tests listed here use a ______ medium (substance that x-rays cannot penetrate) to visualize a specific area of the digestive system
contrast medium .
the contrast, bc of its increased density relative to body tissue, allows organs and parts to be distinguished from one another on the film or screen
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lower GI series (barium enema)
X-ray images of the colon and the rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum
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upper GI series
X-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth.
after the upper GI series, a small bowel follow through study shows sequential x-ray pics of the sm intestine as barium passes through. a barium swallow is a study of the esophagus
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cholangiography
x-ray exam of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts.
in percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, contrast is injected via a needle placed through the abdominal wall into the liver.
in ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), contrast medium is administered through an oral catheter (tube) and then passes through esoph, stomach, and duodenum into bile ducts. helps Dx problems involving bile ducts, gall bladder, and pancreas
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computed tomography (CT)
a series of X-ray images are taken in multiple views, esp in cross section... based on differences in tissue densities.
contrast material helps highlight differences in blood flow between normal and deceased tissues
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abdominal ultrasonography
sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera.
*ultrasonography is esp useful for examination of fluid-filled structures such as the gallbladder
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endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)
use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the GI tract
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