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Principles of Management > Chapter 6: Controls and Control Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Controls and Control Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Define controlling

A

controlling is the process of measuring performance and taking action to ensure desired results

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2
Q

What is the process of measuring performance and taking action to ensure desired results?

A

controlling

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3
Q

Define after-action review

A

after-action review is a structured review of lessons learned and results accomplished through a completed project, task force assignment, or special operation

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4
Q

What is a structured review of lessons learned and results accomplished through a completed project, task force assignment, or special operation?

A

after-action review

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5
Q

What are the four-steps in the control process?

A

Step 1: establish performance objectives and standards
Step 2: measure actual performance
Step 3: compare actual performance with objectives and standards
Step 4: take necessary action

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6
Q

Define output standard

A

An output standard measures performance results in terms of quantity, quality, cost, or time

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7
Q

What measures performance results in terms of quantity, quality, cost, or time?

A

output standard

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8
Q

Define input standard

A

An input standard measures work efforts that go into a performance task

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9
Q

What measures work efforts that go into a performance task?

A

input standard

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10
Q

Define management by exception

A

management by exception focuses attention on differences between actual and desired performance

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11
Q

What focuses attention on differences between actual and desired performance?

A

management by exception

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12
Q

Define feedforward control

A

feedforward control ensures clear directions and needed resources before the work begins

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13
Q

What ensures clear directions and needed resources before the work begins?

A

feedforward control

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14
Q

Define concurrent control

A

concurrent control focuses on what happens during the work process

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15
Q

What focuses on what happens during the work process?

A

concurrent control

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16
Q

Define feedback control

A

feedback control takes place after completing an action

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17
Q

What takes place after completing an action?

A

feedback control

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18
Q

Define internal control/self-control

A

internal control occurs as people exercise self-discipline in fulfilling job expectations

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19
Q

What occurs as people exercise self-discipline in fulfilling job expectations?

A

internal control

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20
Q

Define external control

A

external control occurs through direct supervision or administrative systems

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21
Q

What occurs as people exercise self-discipline in fulfilling job expectations?

A

external control

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22
Q

Define bureaucratic control

A

bureaucratic control influences behavior through authority, policies, procedures, job descriptions, budgets, and day-to-day supervision

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23
Q

What influences behavior through authority, policies, procedures, job descriptions, budgets, and day-to-day supervision?

A

bureaucratic control

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24
Q

Define clan control

A

clan control influences behavior through social norms and peer expectations

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25
Q

What influences behavior through social norms and peer expectations?

A

clan control

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26
Q

Define market control

A

market control is essentially the influence of market competition on the behavior of organizations and their members

27
Q

What is essentially the influence of market competition on the behavior of organizations and their members?

A

market control

28
Q

Define managing by objectives

A

managing by objectives is a process of joint objective setting between a superior and a subordinate

29
Q

What is a process of joint objective setting between a superior and a subordinate?

A

managing by objectives

30
Q

Define improvement objectives

A

improvement objectives document intentions to improve performance in a specific way

31
Q

What document intentions to improve performance in a specific way?

A

improvement objectives

32
Q

Define personal development objectives

A

personal development objectives document intentions to accomplish personal growth, such as expanded job knowledge or skills

33
Q

What document intentions to accomplish personal growth, such as expanded job knowledge or skills?

A

personal development objectives

34
Q

Define total quality management (TQM)

A

total quality management commits to quality objectives, continuous improvement, and doing things right the first time

35
Q

What commits to quality objectives, continuous improvement, and doing things right the first time?

A

total quality management (TQM)

36
Q

Define continuous improvement

A

Continuous improvement involves always searching for new ways to improve work quality and performance

37
Q

What involves always searching for new ways to improve work quality and performance?

A

continuous improvement

38
Q

Define control charts

A

control charts are graphical ways of displaying so that exceptions to quality standards can be identified

39
Q

What are graphical ways of displaying so that exceptions to quality standards can be identified?

A

control charts

40
Q

Define six sigma

A

Six Sigma is a quality standard of 3.4 defects or less per million products or service deliveries

41
Q

What is a quality standard of 3.4 defects or less per million products or service deliveries?

A

Six Sigma

42
Q

Define projects

A

projects are one-time activities with many component tasks that must be completed in proper order and according to budget

43
Q

What are one-time activities with many component tasks that must be completed in proper order and according to budget?

A

projects

44
Q

Define project management

A

project management makes sure that activities required to complete a project are planned well and accomplished on time

45
Q

What makes sure that activities required to complete a project are planned well and accomplished on time?

A

project management

46
Q

Define Gantt Chart

A

A Gantt chart graphically displays the scheduling of tasks required to complete a project

47
Q

What graphically displays the scheduling of tasks required to complete a project?

A

Gantt Chart

48
Q

Define CPM/PERT

A

CPM/PERT is a combination of the critical path method and the program evaluation and review technique

49
Q

What is a combination of the critical path method and the program evaluation and review technique?

A

CPM/PERT

50
Q

Define critical path

A

The critical path is the pathway from project start to conclusion that involves activities with the longest completion times

51
Q

What is the pathway from project start to conclusion that involves activities with the longest completion times?

A

critical path

52
Q

Define inventory control

A

Inventory control ensures that inventory is only big enough to meet immediate needs

53
Q

What ensures that inventory is only big enough to meet immediate needs?

A

inventory control

54
Q

Define economic order quantity

A

The economic order quantity method places new orders when inventory levels fall to predetermined points

55
Q

What method places new orders when inventory levels fall to predetermined points?

A

economic order quantity

56
Q

Define just-in-time scheduling (JIT)

A

just-in-time scheduling (JIT) routes materials to workstations just in time for use

57
Q

What routes materials to workstations just in time for use?

A

just-in-time scheduling (JIT)

58
Q

Define breakeven point

A

The breakeven point occurs where revenues just equal costs

59
Q

What occurs where revenues just equal costs?

A

breakeven point

60
Q

Define breakeven analysis

A

Breakeven analysis performs what-if calculations under different revenue and cost conditions

61
Q

What performs what-if calculations under different revenue and cost conditions?

A

breakeven analysis

62
Q

Define balanced scorecard

A

A balanced scorecard measures performance on financial, customer service, internal process, and innovation and learning goals

63
Q

What measures performance on financial, customer service, internal process, and innovation and learning goals?

A

a balanced scorecard

Principles of Management (15 decks)

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