Chapter 2: Management Learning Flashcards

1
Q

Define Learning Style

A

a set of ways through which we like to learn by receiving, processing, and recalling new information

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2
Q

What was Frederick Taylor’s classical management approach?

A

o Frederick Taylor’s scientific management sought efficiency in job performance

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3
Q

Define scientific management

A

emphasizes careful selection and training of workers and supervisory support

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4
Q

Define motion study

A

the science of reducing a job or task to its basic physical motions

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5
Q

What was Max Weber’s classical management approach?

A

o Max Weber’s bureaucratic organization is supposed to be efficient and fair

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6
Q

Define bureaucracy

A

a rational and efficient form of organization founded on logic order and legitimate authority

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7
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of an ideal bureaucracy?

A
o	Clear Division of Labor
o	Clear Hierarchy of Authority
o	Formal Rules and Procedures
o	Impersonality
o	Careers Based on Merit
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8
Q

What was Henri Fayol’s classical management approach?

A

o Henri Fayol’s administrative principles describe managerial duties and practices

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9
Q

Define scalar chain principle

A

states that organizations should operate with clear and unbroken lines of communication top to bottom

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10
Q

Define unity of command principle

A

states that a worker should receive orders from only one boss

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11
Q

What was Mary Parker Follett’s behavioral management approach?

A

o Mary Parker Follett viewed organizations as communities of cooperative action

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12
Q

What was Elton Mayo’s behavioral management approach?

A

The Hawthorne studies focused attention on the human side of organizations

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13
Q

Define Hawthorne Effect

A
  • the tendency of persons singled out for special attention to perform as expected
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14
Q

What was Abraham Maslow’s behavioral management approach?

A

o Abraham Maslow described a hierarchy of human needs with self-actualization at the top

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15
Q

Define need

A

a physiological or psychological deficiency that a person wants to satisfy

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16
Q

What are the hierarchy of needs from top to bottom?

A
  • Self-actualization needs
  • Esteem needs
  • Social needs
  • Safety needs
  • Physiological needs
17
Q

Define progression principle

A

a need at any level becomes activated only after the next lower-level need is satisfied

18
Q

Define deficit principle

A

people act to satisfy needs for which a satisfaction deficit exists; a satisfied need doesn’t motivate behavior

19
Q

Define Theory X

A

assumes people dislike work, lack ambition, are irresponsible, and prefer to be led

20
Q

Define Theory Y

A

assumes people are willing to work accept responsibility, are self-directed and are creative

21
Q

Define self-fulfilling prophecy

A

occurs when a person acts in ways that confirm another’s expectations

22
Q

What was Douglas McGregor’s behavioral management approach?

A

o Douglas McGregor believed managerial assumptions create self-fulfilling prophecies

23
Q

What was Chris Argyris’ behavioral management approach?

A

o Chris Argyris suggests that workers treated as adults will be more productive

24
Q

Define analytics

A

the systematic use and analysis of data to solve problems and make informed decisions

25
Q

Define management science/operations research

A

apply mathematical techniques to solve management problems

26
Q

Define open system

A

transforms resource inputs from the environment into product outputs

27
Q

Define subsystem

A

smaller component of a larger system

28
Q

Define operations management

A

the study of how organizations produce goods and services

29
Q

Define contingency thinking

A

tries to match management practices with situational demands

30
Q

Define total quality management

A

the managing with an organization-wide commitment to continuous improvement, product quality, and customer needs

31
Q

Define continuous improvement

A

involves always searching for new ways to improve work quality and performance

32
Q

Define high-performance organization

A

consistently achieves excellence while creating a high-quality work environment

33
Q

Define evidence-based management

A

involves making decisions based on hard facts about what really works