Chapter 6/Health and Wellness Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four goals of Healthy People 2020?

A
  • Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
  • Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
  • Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
  • Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.
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2
Q

Define: Health

A

more than the absence of disease. A state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

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3
Q

Model that addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and behaviors

A

Health Belief Model

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4
Q

Model that is directed at increasing a patient’s level of well-being

A

Health Promotion Model

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5
Q

Model that attempts to meet the patient’s basic needs

A

Basic Human Needs Model

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6
Q

Model that attempts to create conditions that promote optimal health

A

holistic health model

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7
Q

What are the levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A
Self-actualization
Self-esteem
Love and belonging
Safety and security
Physiological
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8
Q

What are the internal variables that influence health and health beliefs and practices?

A
Developmental stage
Intellectual background
Perception of functioning
Emotional factors
Spiritual factors
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9
Q

Developmental Stage

A

the nurse considers the patient’s level of growth and development when using his/her health beliefs and practices as a basis for planning care. adjust care to patient’s level of understanding and emotional state

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10
Q

Intellectual background

A

a person’s beliefs about health are shaped in part by the persons knowledge, lack of knowledge, or incorrect information about body functions, illnesses, educational background, or past experiences

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11
Q

Perception of functioning

A

the way people perceive their physical functioning affects health beliefs and practices

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12
Q

Emotional Factors

A

The patient’s degree of stress, depression, or fear can influence health beliefs and practices

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13
Q

Spiritual Factors

A

Spirituality is reflected in how a person lives his or her life, including the values and beliefs exercised, the relationships established with family and friends, and the ability to find hope and meaning in life

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14
Q

3 external variables that influence health and health beliefs and practices

A

Family practices
Socioeconomic factors
Cultural background

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15
Q

Family practices

A

The way that patients’ families use health care services generally affects their health practices

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16
Q

Socioeconomic Factors

A

Social and psycosocial factors increase the risk for illness and influence the way that a person defines and reacts to illness

17
Q

Cultural Background

A

cultural background influences beliefs, values, and customs

18
Q

What are 3 health promotion, wellness, and illness prevention interventions

A
  1. Immunization programs
  2. Routine exercise, good exercise
  3. Physical awareness, stress management, self-responsibility
19
Q

What are the levels of prevention?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

20
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

true prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will develop

21
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Focuses on those who have a disease or are at risk to develop a disease

22
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible

23
Q

Variables that increase the vulnerability of an individual or a group to an illness or accident

A

risk factors

24
Q

What are some risk factors?

A
  • Genetic and physiological factors
  • age
  • environment
  • lifestyle
25
Q

What are the risk factor modification and changing health behaviors?

A
  • precontemplation
  • contemplation
  • preparation
  • action
  • maintenance stage
26
Q

Precomtemplation

A

not intending to make changes within the next 6 months

27
Q

Contemplation

A

considering a change within the next 6 months

28
Q

Preparation

A

making small changes in preparation for a change in the next month

29
Q

Action

A

actively engaged in strategies to change behavior; lasts up to 6 months

30
Q

Maintenance stage

A

sustained change over time; begins 6 months after action has started and continues indefinitely

31
Q

a state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired

A

illness

32
Q

Illness that is short in duration and severe

A

acute

33
Q

Illness that persists longer than 6 months

A

chronic

34
Q

What are the two types of illness behaviors?

A

Internal variables and external variables

35
Q

Internal variables

A

perception of illness and nature of illness

36
Q

external variables

A

visibility of symptoms, social group, cultural background, economics, and accessibility to health care

37
Q

What are the impacts of illness on the patient and family?

A
  • behavioral and emotional changes
  • impact on body image
  • impact of self-concept
  • impact on family roles
  • impact on family dynamics