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Physiology > Chapter 6: The Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 6: The Skeletal System Flashcards

(50 cards)

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0
Q

The membranous outer covering of a long bone is..?

A

Periosteum

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1
Q

What are the 6 functions of bone?

A
  1. ) Support
  2. ) Protection
  3. ) Assisting in movement
  4. ) Mineral homeostasis
  5. ) Production of blood cells(hemopoiesis)
  6. ) Triglyceride storage
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2
Q

The method of ossification forming most bones is..?

A

Endochondral

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3
Q

The enlarged ends of a bone are..?

A

Epiphyses

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4
Q

Articular cartilage is an example of this cartilage type..

A

Hyaline

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5
Q

The center of an osteon which carries blood vessels longitudinally through bone

A

Haversion canal

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6
Q

The shaft of a long bone

A

Diaphysis

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7
Q

Rings of bony tissue filled with minerals and surrounding the Haversion canal

A

Lamellae

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8
Q

Mature bone cells

A

Osteocytes

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9
Q

Bone that contains numerous air spaces between cells

A

Spongy

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10
Q

Microscopic cavities in bone containing osteocytes

A

Lacunae

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11
Q

A space in bone which contains marrow

A

Medullary canal

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12
Q

Bone forming cells

A

Epithelial

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13
Q

Very dense bone with no air spaces between cells

A

Compact

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14
Q

Small channels connecting lacunae with each other

A

Canaliculi

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15
Q

The unit of structure in compact bone

A

Haversion system

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16
Q

The mineral part of bone

A

Matrix

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17
Q

The “growth area” in bones where epiphysis joins diaphysis

A

Epiphyseal plate

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18
Q

Bone is an example of this major tissue type

A

Connective

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19
Q

Bone disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures

A

Osteoporosis

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20
Q

Which 3 bones fuse together to form the hip bones?

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A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

21
Q

What type of bone forms most of the epiphysis of long bones and consists of trabeculae that surround spaces filled with red bone marrow?

22
Q

What name is given to the formation of bone?

23
Q

Which bone is the only movable one in the skull?

24
The ribs and cranial bones are classified as what type of bone?
Flat
25
What condition results from a sideways bending of the vertebral column?
Scoliosis
26
What are the units of structure in compact bone with little space between them?
Osteon/ Haversion system
27
In a typical long bone, what type of cartilage is the articulate cartilage composed of?
Hyaline
28
What bones make up the pectoral girdle?
Scapula and cavicle
29
Yellow bone marrow is located in the ______ of a bone and consists mainly of _____?
Diaphysis, adipose(fat)
30
What bone disorder occurs when bone destruction outpaces bone formation due to the depletion of calcium?
Osteoporosis
31
What name is given to the 7 pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum by means of costal cartilage?
True ribs
32
What name is given to the center of an osteon that carries blood vessels longitudinally through the bone?
Central canal/ Haversion canal
33
Which bone is the largest, strongest, and heaviest?
Femur
34
What name is given to the shaft of a bone?
Diaphysis
35
The bones of the thighs, forearms, and fingers are classified as what type of bone?
Long bones
36
What are the neck vertebrae called?
Cervical
37
In an osteon, what name is given to the rings of hard, calcified matrix that surround the central canal?
Concentric lamellae
38
Name the hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.
Foramen magnum
39
Where does bone growth occur in a long bone?
Epiphyseal plate
40
The nasal bone, maxilla, mandible are part of what group of bones?
Facial
41
What method of ossification forms most bones?
Endochondral
42
Cleft palate occurs when what bones fails to unite?
Maxillae
43
Name the region of a long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis.
Metaphysics
44
Which bone located under the jaw does not articulate with any other bone?
Hyoid
45
Name the scroll-like bones in the nasal cavity whose job it is to filter air before it gets to the lungs.
Conchae
46
Name the "soft spots" in the cranium of a child that are not completely ossified.
Fontanelles
47
What name is given to the spaces in compact bone that contain osteocytes?
Lacunae
48
What type of group of bones does the temporal bone belong?
Cranial
49
What name is given to the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?
Endosteum

Physiology (27 decks)

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