Chapter 7 -1 Flashcards
What are the 2 ways to make ATP?
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Which is the most efficient type to make ATP?
aerobic respiration b/c it utilizes oxygen
What allows energy to be released in aerobic respiration?
stepwise oxidation of glucose
What do the first 2 stages of aerobic respiration do?
remove electrons from glucose, which is oxidized to C02
What does the third stage of aerobic respiration do?
uses electron fall from carriers to 02 to establish H+ gradient
What is the first stage of aerobic respiration called?
Glycolysis “Sugar splitting”
Where does glycolysis occur?
in cytoplasm
What is glycolysis?
the oxidation of glucose to 2 pyruvates
What are the 2 phases of glycolysis?
ATP investment and ATP pay off
What are the Glycolysis ATP requiring steps?
- ATP energizes
Glucose 6 phosphate - ATP makes molecule unstable
Frucose 1, 6 bisphosphate
What happens in the ATP payoff?
2 PGAL are oxidized & phophorylated/ NAD+ reduced
What other reactions happen in the ATP payoff?
4 ATP produced by substrate level phosphorylation
2 pyruvate
What is the substrate level phosphorylation?
the transfer of phosphates from organic substrates to ADP forming ATP
Where does the substrate level phosphorylation occur?
in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle
What happens in Stage of of Mitochondria?
each pyruvate is oxidized releasing 1 C02 each
