chapter 8

Question 1

skeletal muscle

Answer 1

striated
voluntary
attaches to bone

Question 2

cardiac muscle

Answer 2

striated
cells branch
heart muscle
involuntary

Question 3

smooth muscle

Answer 3

visceral
non-striated
involuntary

moves food to stomach , hollow internal organs

Question 4

origin

Answer 4

attachment stationary bone

Question 5

insertion

Answer 5

attachment to moveable bone

Question 6

body

Answer 6

muscle unit

Question 7

tendons

Answer 7

attach muscle to bones

Question 8

bursae

Answer 8

fluid filled sacs

Question 9

muscle fibers

Answer 9

cells of muscle tissue

Question 10

actin

Answer 10

thin myofilaments

Question 11

myosin

Answer 11

thick myofilaments

Question 12

sarcomere

Answer 12

functional unit of skeletal muscle

Question 13

myofilaments

Answer 13

threadlike structures found in skeletal muscle fibers

Question 14

muscles move bones by _______ on them

Answer 14

pulling

Question 15

only the ______ bone moves

Answer 15

insertion

Question 16

the _______ bone moves toward the _____ bone

Answer 16

insertion

origin

Question 17

mainly responsible for producing a particular movement is called _______ for that movement

Answer 17

prime mover

Question 18

as prime movers contract, ______ relax

Answer 18

antagonist

Question 19

the biceps brachii is prime mover during bending, brachialis is helped or ________

Answer 19

synergist

Question 20

maintain body position by skeletal muscle contraction called

Answer 20

tonic contraction

Question 21

______ maintains body posture by counteracting pull of gravity

Answer 21

muscle tone

Question 22

the point of contact between the nerve ending and the muscle fiber is called _____

Answer 22

neuromuscular junction

Question 23

a motor neuron together with cells is called the ______

Answer 23

motor unit

Question 24

the depletion of oxygen in muscle cells during prolonged exercise is known as

Answer 24

oxygen dept

Question 25

adequate stimulus will contract a muscle cell completely because of the ______ theory

Answer 25

all or none theory

Question 26

when oxygen supplies run low, muscle cells produce _______ and other waste products during contractions

Answer 26

lactic acid

Question 27

the minimal level of stimulation required to cause fiber muscle contractions is called

Answer 27

threshold stimulus

Question 28

_____ muscles bring movement by pulling on bones across moveable joints

Answer 28

skeletal muscle

Question 29

a nervous system disorder that shits off impulses to certain skeletal muscles may result in ______

Answer 29

paralysis

Question 30

when a muscle does not shorten and no movement results

Answer 30

isometric

Question 31

walking is an example of what contraction

Answer 31

isotonic

Question 32

pushing against a wall is which type of contraction

Answer 32

isometric

Question 33

endurance training is also known as

Answer 33

aerobic training

Question 34

twitch contractions can be easily seen in

Answer 34

isolated muscles for research

Question 35

contractions that "melt" together to produced sustained contractions are called

Answer 35

tetanus

Question 36

isotonic contraction os muscle produces movement at the

Answer 36

joint

Question 37

muscle hypertrophy can be enhanced by

Answer 37

strength training

Question 38

when you move your head side to side

Answer 38

rotating

Question 39

palm of hand from anterior to posterior

Answer 39

pronation

Question 40

dorsi flexion refers to

Answer 40

foot movements

Question 41

muscle shrinkage

Answer 41

atrophy

Question 42

produces movement opposite to prime movers

Answer 42

antagonist

Question 43

proteins that compose myofilaments

Answer 43

actin and myosin

Question 44

endurance training is also called

Answer 44

aerobic training

Question 45

muscle length remains constant

Answer 45

isometric

Question 46

nerve fiber is called

Answer 46

motor neuron

Question 47

connecting bridges between myofilaments only form properly if _______ is present

Answer 47

calcium

Question 48

hamstring muscles

Answer 48

semimembranosus semitendinosus biceps femoris

Question 49

______ principle states when a muscle fiber is subjected to a threshold stimulus, it contracts completely

Answer 49

all or none

Question 50

muscle tone maintains

Answer 50

posture

Question 51

thick myofilaments are formed from a protein called

Answer 51

myosin

Question 52

the triceps brachii is on the _______ surface of upper arm

Answer 52

posterior

Question 53

_____ is movement around longitudinal axis

Answer 53

rotation

Question 54

_______ movements are the opposite of flexation

Answer 54

extension

Question 55

the ________ is responsible for plantar foot and sometimes referred to as the dancers muscle

Answer 55

grastrocnemius

Question 56

muscles of the head or neck

Answer 56

temporal masseter sternocleidomastoid

Question 57

muscles that move upper extremities

Answer 57

biceps brachii pectoralis major triceps brachii

Question 58

muscles of trunk

Answer 58

pectoralis major external oblique rectus abdominus

Question 59

muscles of lower extremity

Answer 59

sartorius gastrocnemius gluteus maximus rectus femoris

Question 60

the _____ is the basic functional unit of contraction in skeletal muscle

Answer 60

sarcomere

Question 61

3 functions of muscular system

Answer 61

movement posture heat

Question 62

________ is the by product produced when the muscle must switch to energy supplying process that does not require oxygen

Answer 62

lactic acid

Question 63

single motor neuron with all muscle fibers is called

Answer 63

motor unit

Question 64

_______ is the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber contraction

Answer 64

threshold stimulus

Question 65

_______ is the type of muscle contraction that does not produce movement

Answer 65

isometric

Question 66

_____ is a contraction that produces movement to a joint and shortens muscles

Answer 66

isotonic

Question 67

_____ describes the hand position when the body is in anatomical position

Answer 67

supination