Chapter 8: Articulations

Question 1

Articulations

Answer 1

Where bones meet
°allow movement
°provide stability
°allow long bones to lengthen (epiphyseal plate)

Question 2

Function classification
Based on movement
(3 of them)

Answer 2

°Synarthrosis
°Amphiarthosis
°Diarthrosis

Question 3

Synarthrosis

Answer 3

No moment

Question 4

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 4

Alittle movement

Question 5

Diarthrosis

Answer 5

A wide range of motion

Question 6

Structural classification
Based on structural features
(3 of them)

Answer 6

°Fibrous joints
°Cartilaginous joints
°Synovial Joints

Question 7

Fibrous Joints

Answer 7

°Dense regular collagenous conective tissue
° synarthrosis and amphiarthrosis

Question 8

Cartilaginous Joint

Answer 8

°Cartilage
°synarthrosis and amphiarthrosis

Question 9

Synovial joints

Answer 9

°Fluid-filled joint capsule with hyaline cartilage at articular ends.
°Diarthrosis

Question 10

Fibrous Joints
(3 types)

Answer 10

°Suture
°Gomphosis
°Syndesmosis

Question 11

Suture

Answer 11

Fibrous CT between flat bones of cranium (immovable)

Question 12

Gomphosis

Answer 12

Tooth in bony socket (periodontal ligament) immovable joint

Question 13

Syndesmosis

Answer 13

Joint between tibia and fibula, ulna and radius (interosseous membrane) slightly movable

Question 14

Cartilaginous joints
(2 of them)

Answer 14

°synchondrosis
°symphsis

Question 15

Synchondrosis

Answer 15

°Hyaline cartilage
°Synarthrosis (immovable)
°Found in the cartilage of ribs, sternum, and epiphyseal plate)

Question 16

Symphysis

Answer 16

°Fibrocartilaginous pad
°amphiarthrosis (little movement)
°Found in intervertebral joints and pubic symphysis

Question 17

Synovial Joints
(3 types)

Answer 17

°Joint cavity (synovial cavity)
°Articular capsule
°Articular cartilage
°Diarthorsis
°allow more mobility
° less stable than other joints

Question 18

Joint cavity

Answer 18

(Synovail cavity) space found between articulating bones.

Question 19

Articular Capsule

Answer 19

Double layered structure
°Outer fibrous layer
°Innerlayer synovial membrane that has synovial fluid

Question 20

Articular Cartilage

Answer 20

°Hyaline cartilage
°Covers exposed articular bones with a joint

Question 21

Structures that provide additional stabilization (3 of them)

Answer 21

Ligament
Tendon
Bursae and tendon sheaths

Question 22

Ligaments

Answer 22

Dense regular CT connects bone to bone

Question 23

Tendons

Answer 23

Dense regular CT connects bone to muscle

Question 24

Bursae and tendon sheaths

Answer 24

Provides stabilization forces

Question 25

Arthritis

Answer 25

Inflammation of joints that result in pain and limitations of joint movement

Question 26

Arthritis (3 types)

Answer 26

°Osteoarthritis OA °Rheum arthritis (RA) °Gouty arthritis

Question 27

Osteoarthritis (OR)

Answer 27

Most common happens from wear and tear, injury, or age. Causes pain, joint stiffness, and lost mobility

Question 28

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Answer 28

Joint destruction caused by autoimmune

Question 29

Gouty arthritis

Answer 29

Joint damage due to inflammatory reaction to uric acid crystal deposits

Question 30

Moment at Synovial Joints Gliding movements

Answer 30

Sliding motion between articulating surfaces.

Question 31

Moment at Synovial Joints Flexion

Answer 31

Closing an angle.

Question 32

Movment at Synovial Joints Extension

Answer 32

Extended straight out

Question 33

Moment at Synovial Joints Hyperextension

Answer 33

Extending straight out and then bending at the end

Question 34

Moment at Synovial Joints Abduction

Answer 34

Spreading out or moving away.

Question 35

Moment at Synovial Joints Adduction

Answer 35

Add in or moving closer.

Question 36

Moment at Synovial Joints Circumduction

Answer 36

Movement in a circular pattern.

Question 37

Moment at Synovial Joints Rotation

Answer 37

To turn.

Question 38

Moment at Synovial Joints Inversion

Answer 38

the soles of the feet moving inward, toward the midline of the body

Question 39

Moment at Synovial Joints Eversion

Answer 39

movement of the sole of the foot outward, away from the midline of the body

Question 40

Moment at Synovial Joints Supination

Answer 40

the movement of the radius and ulna bones of the forearm so that the palm faces forward

Question 41

Moment at Synovial Joints Pronation

Answer 41

palm faces backward. 

Question 42

Moment at Synovial Joints Dorsiflexion

Answer 42

Toes point upwards

Question 43

Moment at Synovial Joints Plantar Flexion

Answer 43

Toes point downwards

Question 44

Types of synovial joints (6 of them)

Answer 44

°plane joint °hinge joint °pivot joint °condylar (ellipsoid) joint °saddle joint °ball and socket joint

Question 45

synovial joints Plane joint

Answer 45

Gliding joint °tarsal °carpals

Question 46

synovial joints Hinge joint

Answer 46

Elbow Humerus and ulna

Question 47

synovial joints Pivot joint

Answer 47

One bone pivots or rotates around the other °C1 & C2 °radius & ulna

Question 48

synovial joints Condylar (ellipsoid) joint

Answer 48

Knuckles

Question 49

synovial joints Saddle joint

Answer 49

Thumb & wrist

Question 50

synovial joints Ball and socket joint

Answer 50

°Scapula glenoid cavity & humerus head °coxal bone acetabulum & Femur head

Question 51

Humeroulnar joint

Answer 51

Articulation between trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna.

Question 52

Humeroradial joint

Answer 52

Articulation between capitulum of humerus and head of radius

Question 53

Knee Tibiofemoral joint

Answer 53

Articulation between femoral and tibial condyles

Question 54

Shoulder Glenohumeral joint

Answer 54

Head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula

Question 55

Hip Coxal joint

Answer 55

Acetabulum of coxal and head of femur