Chapter 7 The Skeletal System

Question 1

The skeletal system has how many bones?

Answer 1

206 bones, including cartilage

Question 2

Axial has how many bones?

Answer 2

80 bones

Question 3

Appendicular has how many bones?

Answer 3

216 bones

Question 4

Axial skeleton is made up of?

Answer 4

°Head
°vertebral column
°thoracic cage (sternum & ribs)
°ossicles (in the ear)
°hyoid bone

Question 5

Appendicular skeleton is made up of?

Answer 5

°pectoral girdle
°upper limbs
°pelvic girdle
°lower limbs

Question 6

Pectoral girdle

Answer 6

Clavicle & scapula
Anchors upper limb to trunk

Question 7

Pelvic girdle

Answer 7

Two coxal bones (pelvic)
Anchors lower limb to trunk

Question 8

How many bones in the skull and the 2 groups?

Answer 8

22 bones
Cranial bones
Facial bones

Question 9

Cranial bones (cranium)
How many bones and their names?
(Hint: STEP OFf my skull)

Answer 9

8 bones
°Sphenoid 1
°Temporal 2
°Ethmoid 1
°Parietal 2
°Occipital 1
°Frontal 1

Question 10

Facial Bones
How many bones and their names?
(8 types of bones)

Answer 10

14 Bones
°maxillary 2
°zygomatic 2
°nasal 2
°lacrimal 2
°palatine 2
°inferior nasal conchae 2
°mandible 1
°vomer 1

Question 11

Sinuses

Answer 11

Air filled, membrane-lined spaces
These hollow cavities make the skull lighter

Question 12

Paranasal sinuses
(4 of them)

Answer 12

°frontal
°ethmoid
°sphenoid
°maxillary

Question 13

Orbit 7 fused bones, what are their names
(Hint: FLEZMS)

Answer 13

°frontal
°lacrimal
°ethmoid
°zygomatic
°maxillary
°sphenoid
°Palatine bone

Question 14

Fontanel (soft spot)

Answer 14

Area of incomplete intramembranous ossification

Question 15

Fontanel
(4 of them)

Answer 15

°anterior
°posterior
°sphenoid
°mastoid

Question 16

Hyoid

Answer 16

° is c shaped
° does touch any other bones
Provide numerous muscle attachment points involved in swallowing and speech.

Question 17

Vertebral column (spine)
How many bones?

Answer 17

33 bones (vertebrae)

Question 18

Vertebral column (spine)
What are the 3 types of vertebrae, and how many of each are there? (Locations) (also 2 more extra structures)

Answer 18

°Cervical vertebrae 7 - neck
°Thoracic vertebrae 12 - ribs
°Lumbra vertebrae 5 - lower back
°Sacrum 5 fused sacral
°Coccyx 3-5 coccygeal

Question 19

Spinal curvatures

Answer 19

C-shaped vertebrae column of new borns > S-shaped secondary curvatures as infant grows

Question 20

Primary curvature

Answer 20

(Thoracic & sacral)
Present during fetal development.

Question 21

Secondary curvature

Answer 21

(Cervical and Lumbar)
Develops after fetal period

Question 22

Spinal curvatures
(2 types)

Answer 22

°Primary curvatures
°Secondary curvatures

Question 23

Abnormal spinal curvatures
(3 types)

Answer 23

°scoliosis
°lordosis
°kyphosis

Question 24

Abnormal spinal curvatures
Scoliosis

Answer 24

Abnormal lateral curvatures

Question 25

Abnormal spinal curvatures Lordosis

Answer 25

(Swayback) Exaggerated Cervical and lumbar curvatures (Seen in pregnant women and beerbelly males)

Question 26

Abnormal spinal curvatures Kyphosis

Answer 26

(Hunchback) Exaggeration of thoracic curvatures

Question 27

Transverse foramina

Answer 27

Allows passage of vertebral arteries and vein.

Question 28

C1- atlas

Answer 28

° Lacks vertebral body °articulates with occipital condyles and C2

Question 29

C2-axis

Answer 29

°Dens (odontoid process) protudes from body ° Allow for rotational movement of head at neck (shaking head side to side)

Question 30

Thoracic vertebrae (12)

Answer 30

°long spinous process °superior & inferior costal facets (articulates with head of rib) °transverse costal facets on transverse processes (articulates with tubercel of rib)

Question 31

Lumbar vertebrae (5)

Answer 31

°largest and heaviest of all vertebrae (wt. Bearing)

Question 32

Sacrum

Answer 32

5 fused sacral vertebrae °sacral promontory °sacral foramina

Question 33

Sacral promontory

Answer 33

Top and anterior

Question 34

Sacral foramina

Answer 34

4 pairs of holes allow for passage of spinal nerves

Question 35

Coccyx

Answer 35

4 fused (3-5) vertebrae

Question 36

Intervertebral disc

Answer 36

Fibrocartilage pad found between the bodies of vertebrae

Question 37

Nucleus pulposus

Answer 37

Jelly like substances, shock absorber

Question 38

Annulus fibrosus

Answer 38

Outer ring of Fibrocartilage Herniated disc

Question 39

Herniated disc (slip disc)

Answer 39

A tear in annulus fibrosus can allow nucleus pulposus to protude

Question 40

Thoracic cage (3 parts)

Answer 40

°sternum °ribs °Thoracic vertebrae

Question 41

Sternum (The 3 parts)

Answer 41

°manubrium °body °xiphoid process

Question 42

Rib cage

Answer 42

12 pairs of ribs and their costal cartilages

Question 43

True ribs

Answer 43

Ribs 1-7 (vertebrosternal ribs) Attach to sternum via costal cartilage

Question 44

False ribs

Answer 44

Ribs 8-12 Not attach directly to sternum

Question 45

Vertebrochondral

Answer 45

Ribs 8-10 Attach to cartilage of 7th rib

Question 46

Floating ribs

Answer 46

(Vertebral ribs) Ribs 11 & 12 Are not attached to sternum

Question 47

Carpals bones ( 8 of them)

Answer 47

°Scaphoid °lunate °triquetrum °pisiform °trapezium °trapezoid °capitate °hamate

Question 48

Metacarpals

Answer 48

5 in each hand are long bones

Question 49

Phalanges

Answer 49

14 in each hand are long bones

Question 50

Wrist fracture

Answer 50

Colles fracture

Question 51

Pelvis inlet

Answer 51

Oval opening formed by sacrum and pelvic girdle

Question 52

Pelvic brim

Answer 52

Bony ridge surrounding inlet that defines boundaries between greater and lesser pelvis

Question 53

Tarsals How many bones? And there names

Answer 53

7 short bones ° talus °calcaneus °navicular °3cuneiforms °cuboid