Chapter 8 Key Terms Flashcards
(195 cards)
1
Q
large, cup-shaped cavity located on the lateral side of the hip bone; formed by the junction of the ilium, pubis, and ischium portions of the hip bone
A
acetabulum
2
Q
lateral end of the clavicle that articulates with the acromion of the scapula
A
acromial end of the clavicle
3
Q
acromion of the scapula
A
acromial process
4
Q
articulation between the acromion of the scapula and the acromial end of the clavicle
A
acromioclavicular joint
5
Q
flattened bony process that extends laterally from the scapular spine to form the bony tip of the shoulder
A
acromion
6
Q
small, bony bump located on the superior aspect of the medial epicondyle of the femur
A
adductor tubercle
7
Q
line on the humerus located around the outside margin of the humeral head
A
anatomical neck
8
Q
joint that separates the leg and foot portions of the lower limb; formed by the articulations between the talus bone of the foot inferiorly, and the distal end of the tibia, medial malleolus of the tibia, and lateral malleolus of the fibula superiorly
A
ankle joint
9
Q
narrow, anterior margin of the tibia that extends inferiorly from the tibial tuberosity
A
anterior border of the tibia
10
Q
small, bony projection located on the anterior margin of the ilium, below the anterior superior iliac spine
A
anterior inferior iliac spine
11
Q
strong ligament between the sacrum and the ilium portions of the hip bone that supports the anterior side of the sacroiliac joint
A
anterior sacroiliac ligament
12
Q
rounded, anterior end of the iliac crest
A
anterior superior iliac spine
13
Q
enlarged ridge of ectoderm at the distal end of a limb bud that stimulates growth and elongation of the limb
A
apical ectodermal ridge
14
Q
smooth ridge located at the inferior margin of the iliac fossa; forms the lateral portion of the pelvic brim
A
arcuate line of the ilium
15
Q
region of the upper limb located between the shoulder and elbow joints; contains the humerus bone
A
arm
16
Q
roughened area located on the posterior, medial side of the ilium of the hip bone; articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum to form the sacroiliac joint
A
auricular surface of the ilium
17
Q
expanded, proximal end of each metatarsal bone
A
base of the metatarsal bone
18
Q
intertubercular groove; narrow groove located between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
A
bicipital groove
19
Q
heel bone; posterior, inferior tarsal bone that forms the heel of the foot
A
calcaneus
20
Q
from the lateral side, the third of the four distal carpal bones; articulates with the scaphoid and lunate proximally, the trapezoid laterally, the hamate medially, and primarily with the third metacarpal distally
A
capitate
21
Q
knob-like bony structure located anteriorly on the lateral, distal end of the humerus
A
capitulum
22
Q
one of the eight small bones that form the wrist and base of the hand; these are grouped as a proximal row consisting of (from lateral to medial) the scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones, and a distal row containing (from lateral to medial) the trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones
A
carpal bone
23
Q
passageway between the anterior forearm and hand formed by the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum
A
carpal tunnel
24
Q
articulation between one of the carpal bones in the distal row and a metacarpal bone of the hand
A
carpometacarpal joint
25
collarbone; elongated bone that articulates with the manubrium of the sternum medially and the acromion of the scapula laterally
clavicle
26
strong band of connective tissue that anchors the coracoid process of the scapula to the lateral clavicle; provides important indirect support for the acromioclavicular joint
coracoclavicular ligament
27
short, hook-like process that projects anteriorly and laterally from the superior margin of the scapula
coracoid process
28
depression on the anterior surface of the humerus above the trochlea; this space receives the coronoid process of the ulna when the elbow is maximally flexed
coronoid fossa
29
projecting bony lip located on the anterior, proximal ulna; forms the inferior margin of the trochlear notch
coronoid process of the ulna
30
band of connective tissue that unites the medial clavicle with the first rib
costoclavicular ligament
31
hip bone
coxal bone
32
tarsal bone that articulates posteriorly with the calcaneus bone, medially with the lateral cuneiform bone, and anteriorly with the fourth and fifth metatarsal bones
cuboid
33
roughened, V-shaped region located laterally on the mid-shaft of the humerus
deltoid tuberosity
34
articulation between the head of the ulna and the ulnar notch of the radius
distal radioulnar joint
35
articulation between the distal fibula and the fibular notch of the tibia
distal tibiofibular joint
36
joint located between the upper arm and forearm regions of the upper limb; formed by the articulations between the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna, and the capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius
elbow joint
37
thigh bone; the single bone of the thigh
femur
38
thin, non-weight-bearing bone found on the lateral side of the leg
fibula
39
wide groove on the lateral side of the distal tibia for articulation with the fibula at the distal tibiofibular joint
fibular notch
40
strong band of connective tissue at the anterior wrist that spans the top of the U-shaped grouping of the carpal bones to form the roof of the carpal tunnel
flexor retinaculum
41
portion of the lower limb located distal to the ankle joint
foot
42
region of the upper limb located between the elbow and wrist joints; contains the radius and ulna bones
forearm
43
(plural = fossae) shallow depression on the surface of a bone
fossa
44
minor indentation on the head of the femur that serves as the site of attachment for the ligament to the head of the femur
fovea capitis
45
shoulder joint; formed by the articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus
glenohumeral joint
46
(also, glenoid fossa) shallow depression located on the lateral scapula, between the superior and lateral borders
glenoid cavity
47
roughened area on the posterior side of the proximal femur, extending inferiorly from the base of the greater trochanter
gluteal tuberosity
48
(also, greater pelvic cavity or false pelvis) broad space above the pelvic brim defined laterally by the fan-like portion of the upper ilium
greater pelvis
49
pelvic opening formed by the greater sciatic notch of the hip bone, the sacrum, and the sacrospinous ligament
greater sciatic foramen
50
large, U-shaped indentation located on the posterior margin of the ilium, superior to the ischial spine
greater sciatic notch
51
large, bony expansion of the femur that projects superiorly from the base of the femoral neck
greater trochanter
52
enlarged prominence located on the lateral side of the proximal humerus
greater tubercle
53
big toe; digit 1 of the foot
hallux
54
from the lateral side, the fourth of the four distal carpal bones; articulates with the lunate and triquetrum proximally, the fourth and fifth metacarpals distally, and the capitate laterally
hamate
55
region of the upper limb distal to the wrist joint
hand
56
rounded, proximal end of the femur that articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint
head of the femur
57
small, knob-like, proximal end of the fibula; articulates with the inferior aspect of the lateral condyle of the tibia
head of the fibula
58
smooth, rounded region on the medial side of the proximal humerus; articulates with the glenoid fossa of the scapula to form the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
head of the humerus
59
expanded, distal end of each metatarsal bone
head of the metatarsal bone
60
disc-shaped structure that forms the proximal end of the radius; articulates with the capitulum of the humerus as part of the elbow joint, and with the radial notch of the ulna as part of the proximal radioulnar joint
head of the radius
61
small, rounded distal end of the ulna; articulates with the ulnar notch of the distal radius, forming the distal radioulnar joint
head of the ulna
62
coxal bone; single bone that forms the pelvic girdle; consists of three areas, the ilium, ischium, and pubis
hip bone
63
joint located at the proximal end of the lower limb; formed by the articulation between the acetabulum of the hip bone and the head of the femur
hip joint
64
bony extension located on the anterior side of the hamate carpal bone
hook of the hamate bone
65
single bone of the upper arm
humerus
66
curved, superior margin of the ilium
iliac crest
67
shallow depression found on the anterior and medial surfaces of the upper ilium
iliac fossa
68
superior portion of the hip bone
ilium
69
inferior corner of the scapula located where the medial and lateral borders meet
inferior angle of the scapula
70
narrow segment of bone that passes inferiorly and laterally from the pubic body; joins with the ischial ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus
inferior pubic ramus
71
small bump or roughened area located on the lateral border of the scapula, near the inferior margin of the glenoid cavity
infraglenoid tubercle
72
broad depression located on the posterior scapula, inferior to the spine
infraspinous fossa
73
irregular elevation on the superior end of the tibia, between the articulating surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles
intercondylar eminence
74
deep depression on the posterior side of the distal femur that separates the medial and lateral condyles
intercondylar fossa
75
middle of the three cuneiform tarsal bones; articulates posteriorly with the navicular bone, medially with the medial cuneiform bone, laterally with the lateral cuneiform bone, and anteriorly with the second metatarsal bone
intermediate cuneiform
76
small ridge running down the medial side of the fibular shaft; for attachment of the interosseous membrane between the fibula and tibia
interosseous border of the fibula
77
narrow ridge located on the medial side of the radial shaft; for attachment of the interosseous membrane between the ulna and radius bones
interosseous border of the radius
78
small ridge running down the lateral side of the tibial shaft; for attachment of the interosseous membrane between the tibia and fibula
interosseous border of the tibia
79
narrow ridge located on the lateral side of the ulnar shaft; for attachment of the interosseous membrane between the ulna and radius
interosseous border of the ulna
80
sheet of dense connective tissue that unites the radius and ulna bones
interosseous membrane of the forearm
81
sheet of dense connective tissue that unites the shafts of the tibia and fibula bones
interosseous membrane of the leg
82
articulation between adjacent phalanx bones of the hand or foot digits
interphalangeal joint
83
short, prominent ridge running between the greater and lesser trochanters on the posterior side of the proximal femur
intertrochanteric crest
84
small ridge running between the greater and lesser trochanters on the anterior side of the proximal femur
intertrochanteric line
85
bicipital groove; narrow groove located between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
intertubercular groove (sulcus)
86
bony extension projecting anteriorly and superiorly from the ischial tuberosity; joins with the inferior pubic ramus to form the ischiopubic ramus
ischial ramus
87
pointed, bony projection from the posterior margin of the ischium that separates the greater sciatic notch and lesser sciatic notch
ischial spine
88
large, roughened protuberance that forms the posteroinferior portion of the hip bone; weight-bearing region of the pelvis when sitting
ischial tuberosity
89
narrow extension of bone that connects the ischial tuberosity to the pubic body; formed by the junction of the ischial ramus and inferior pubic ramus
ischiopubic ramus
90
posteroinferior portion of the hip bone
ischium
91
joint that separates the thigh and leg portions of the lower limb; formed by the articulations between the medial and lateral condyles of the femur, and the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia
knee joint
92
diagonally oriented lateral margin of the scapula
lateral border of the scapula
93
smooth, articulating surface that forms the distal and posterior sides of the lateral expansion of the distal femur
lateral condyle of the femur
94
lateral, expanded region of the proximal tibia that includes the smooth surface that articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur as part of the knee joint
lateral condyle of the tibia
95
most lateral of the three cuneiform tarsal bones; articulates posteriorly with the navicular bone, medially with the intermediate cuneiform bone, laterally with the cuboid bone, and anteriorly with the third metatarsal bone
lateral cuneiform
96
roughened area of the femur located on the lateral side of the lateral condyle
lateral epicondyle of the femur
97
small projection located on the lateral side of the distal humerus
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
98
expanded distal end of the fibula
lateral malleolus
99
narrow, bony ridge located along the lateral side of the distal humerus, superior to the lateral epicondyle
lateral supracondylar ridge
100
portion of the lower limb located between the knee and ankle joints
leg
101
(also, lesser pelvic cavity or true pelvis) narrow space located within the pelvis, defined superiorly by the pelvic brim (pelvic inlet) and inferiorly by the pelvic outlet
lesser pelvis
102
pelvic opening formed by the lesser sciatic notch of the hip bone, the sacrospinous ligament, and the sacrotuberous ligament
lesser sciatic foramen
103
shallow indentation along the posterior margin of the ischium, inferior to the ischial spine
lesser sciatic notch
104
small, bony projection on the medial side of the proximal femur, at the base of the femoral neck
lesser trochanter
105
small, bony prominence located on anterior side of the proximal humerus
lesser tubercle
106
ligament that spans the acetabulum of the hip bone and the fovea capitis of the femoral head
ligament of the head of the femur
107
small elevation that appears on the lateral side of the embryo during the fourth or fifth week of development, which gives rise to an upper or lower limb
limb bud
108
longitudinally running bony ridge located in the middle third of the posterior femur
linea aspera
109
from the lateral side, the second of the four proximal carpal bones; articulates with the radius proximally, the capitate and hamate distally, the scaphoid laterally, and the triquetrum medially
lunate
110
elongated, medial margin of the scapula
medial border of the scapula
111
smooth, articulating surface that forms the distal and posterior sides of the medial expansion of the distal femur
medial condyle of the femur
112
medial, expanded region of the proximal tibia that includes the smooth surface that articulates with the medial condyle of the femur as part of the knee joint
medial condyle of the tibia
113
most medial of the three cuneiform tarsal bones; articulates posteriorly with the navicular bone, laterally with the intermediate cuneiform bone, and anteriorly with the first and second metatarsal bones
medial cuneiform
114
roughened area of the distal femur located on the medial side of the medial condyle
medial epicondyle of the femur
115
enlarged projection located on the medial side of the distal humerus
medial epicondyle of the humerus
116
bony expansion located on the medial side of the distal tibia
medial malleolus
117
one of the five long bones that form the palm of the hand; numbered 1–5, starting on the lateral (thumb) side of the hand
metacarpal bone
118
articulation between the distal end of a metacarpal bone of the hand and a proximal phalanx bone of the thumb or a finger
metacarpophalangeal joint
119
one of the five elongated bones that forms the anterior half of the foot; numbered 1–5, starting on the medial side of the foot
metatarsal bone
120
articulation between a metatarsal bone of the foot and the proximal phalanx bone of a toe
metatarsophalangeal joint
121
articulation between the proximal and distal rows of the carpal bones; contributes to movements of the hand at the wrist
midcarpal joint
122
tarsal bone that articulates posteriorly with the talus bone, laterally with the cuboid bone, and anteriorly with the medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform bones
navicular
123
narrowed region located inferior to the head of the femur
neck of the femur
124
narrowed region immediately distal to the head of the radius
neck of the radius
125
large opening located in the anterior hip bone, between the pubis and ischium regions
obturator foramen
126
large depression located on the posterior side of the distal humerus; this space receives the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow is fully extended
olecranon fossa
127
expanded posterior and superior portions of the proximal ulna; forms the bony tip of the elbow
olecranon process
128
kneecap; the largest sesamoid bone of the body; articulates with the distal femur
patella
129
smooth groove located on the anterior side of the distal femur, between the medial and lateral condyles; site of articulation for the patella
patellar surface
130
narrow ridge located on the superior surface of the superior pubic ramus
pectineal line
131
shoulder girdle; the set of bones, consisting of the scapula and clavicle, which attaches each upper limb to the axial skeleton
pectoral girdle
132
pelvic inlet; the dividing line between the greater and lesser pelvic regions; formed by the superior margin of the pubic symphysis, the pectineal lines of each pubis, the arcuate lines of each ilium, and the sacral promontory
pelvic brim
133
pelvic girdlehip girdle; consists of a single hip bone, which attaches a lower limb to the sacrum of the axial skeleton
pelvic girdle
134
pelvic brim
pelvic inlet
135
inferior opening of the lesser pelvis; formed by the inferior margin of the pubic symphysis, right and left ischiopubic rami and sacrotuberous ligaments, and the tip of the coccyx
pelvic outlet
136
ring of bone consisting of the right and left hip bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx
pelvis
137
(plural = phalanges) one of the 14 bones that form the toes; these include the proximal and distal phalanges of the big toe, and the proximal, middle, and distal phalanx bones of toes two through five
phalanx bone of the foot
138
(plural = phalanges) one of the 14 bones that form the thumb and fingers; these include the proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb, and the proximal, middle, and distal phalanx bones of the fingers two through five
phalanx bone of the hand
139
from the lateral side, the fourth of the four proximal carpal bones; articulates with the anterior surface of the triquetrum
pisiform
140
(also, thumb) digit 1 of the hand
pollex
141
small, bony projection located at the inferior margin of the auricular surface on the posterior ilium
posterior inferior iliac spine
142
strong ligament spanning the sacrum and ilium of the hip bone that supports the posterior side of the sacroiliac joint
posterior sacroiliac ligament
143
rounded, posterior end of the iliac crest
posterior superior iliac spine
144
articulation formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the head of the radius
proximal radioulnar joint
145
articulation between the head of the fibula and the inferior aspect of the lateral condyle of the tibia
proximal tibiofibular joint
146
bony structure formed by the pubic symphysis, and the bodies and inferior pubic rami of the right and left pubic bones
pubic arch
147
enlarged, medial portion of the pubis region of the hip bone
pubic body
148
joint formed by the articulation between the pubic bodies of the right and left hip bones
pubic symphysis
149
small bump located on the superior aspect of the pubic body
pubic tubercle
150
anterior portion of the hip bone
pubis
151
small depression located on the anterior humerus above the capitulum; this space receives the head of the radius when the elbow is maximally flexed
radial fossa
152
small, smooth area on the lateral side of the proximal ulna; articulates with the head of the radius as part of the proximal radioulnar joint
radial notch of the ulna
153
oval-shaped, roughened protuberance located on the medial side of the proximal radius
radial tuberosity
154
wrist joint, located between the forearm and hand regions of the upper limb; articulation formed proximally by the distal end of the radius and the fibrocartilaginous pad that unites the distal radius and ulna bone, and distally by the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum carpal bones
radiocarpal joint
155
bone located on the lateral side of the forearm
radius
156
joint formed by the articulation between the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and ilium
sacroiliac joint
157
ligament that spans the sacrum to the ischial spine of the hip bone
sacrospinous ligament
158
ligament that spans the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity of the hip bone
sacrotuberous ligament
159
from the lateral side, the first of the four proximal carpal bones; articulates with the radius proximally, the trapezoid, trapezium, and capitate distally, and the lunate medially
scaphoid
160
shoulder blade bone located on the posterior side of the shoulder
scapula
161
cylindrically shaped region that forms the central portion of the femur
shaft of the femur
162
elongated, slender portion located between the expanded ends of the fibula
shaft of the fibula
163
narrow, elongated, central region of the humerus
shaft of the humerus
164
narrow, elongated, central region of the radius
shaft of the radius
165
triangular-shaped, central portion of the tibia
shaft of the tibia
166
narrow, elongated, central region of the ulna
shaft of the ulna
167
small, diagonally running ridge located on the posterior side of the proximal tibia
soleal line
168
prominent ridge passing mediolaterally across the upper portion of the posterior scapular surface
spine of the scapula
169
medial end of the clavicle that articulates with the manubrium of the sternum
sternal end of the clavicle
170
articulation between the manubrium of the sternum and the sternal end of the clavicle; forms the only bony attachment between the pectoral girdle of the upper limb and the axial skeleton
sternoclavicular joint
171
pointed projection located on the lateral end of the distal radius
styloid process of the radius
172
short, bony projection located on the medial end of the distal ulna
styloid process of the ulna
173
inverted V-shape formed by the convergence of the right and left ischiopubic rami; this angle is greater than 80 degrees in females and less than 70 degrees in males
subpubic angle
174
broad depression located on the anterior (deep) surface of the scapula
subscapular fossa
175
corner of the scapula between the superior and medial borders of the scapula
superior angle of the scapula
176
superior margin of the scapula
superior border of the scapula
177
narrow segment of bone that passes laterally from the pubic body to join the ilium
superior pubic ramus
178
small bump located at the superior margin of the glenoid cavity
supraglenoid tubercle
179
small notch located along the superior border of the scapula, medial to the coracoid process
suprascapular notch
180
narrow depression located on the posterior scapula, superior to the spine
supraspinous fossa
181
region of the humerus where the expanded, proximal end joins with the narrower shaft
surgical neck
182
bony ledge extending from the medial side of the calcaneus bone
sustentaculum tali
183
tarsal bone that articulates superiorly with the tibia and fibula at the ankle joint; also articulates inferiorly with the calcaneus bone and anteriorly with the navicular bone
talus
184
one of the seven bones that make up the posterior foot; includes the calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, and lateral cuneiform bones
tarsal bone
185
portion of the lower limb located between the hip and knee joints
thigh
186
shin bone; the large, weight-bearing bone located on the medial side of the leg
tibia
187
elevated area on the anterior surface of the proximal tibia
tibial tuberosity
188
from the lateral side, the first of the four distal carpal bones; articulates with the scaphoid proximally, the first and second metacarpals distally, and the trapezoid medially
trapezium
189
from the lateral side, the second of the four distal carpal bones; articulates with the scaphoid proximally, the second metacarpal distally, the trapezium laterally, and the capitate medially
trapezoid
190
from the lateral side, the third of the four proximal carpal bones; articulates with the lunate laterally, the hamate distally, and has a facet for the pisiform
triquetrum
191
pulley-shaped region located medially at the distal end of the humerus; articulates at the elbow with the trochlear notch of the ulna
trochlea
192
large, C-shaped depression located on the anterior side of the proximal ulna; articulates at the elbow with the trochlea of the humerus
trochlear notch
193
bone located on the medial side of the forearm
ulna
194
shallow, smooth area located on the medial side of the distal radius; articulates with the head of the ulna at the distal radioulnar joint
ulnar notch of the radius
195
roughened area located on the anterior, proximal ulna inferior to the coronoid process
ulnar tuberosity
