Chapter 8 Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
alges/o
A
sensitivity to pain
2
Q
brady-
A
slow
3
Q
cerebell/o
A
cerebellum
4
Q
-esthesia
A
sensation or feeling
5
Q
cerbr/o
A
cerebrum
6
Q
-kinesi/o
A
movement
7
Q
-lexia
A
reading
8
Q
esthesi/o
A
feeling, sensation
9
Q
thec/o
A
sheath
10
Q
ventricul/o
A
ventricle of brain
11
Q
ton/o
A
tension, tone
12
Q
narc/o
A
sleep
13
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
14
Q
crani/o
A
cranium
15
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord
16
Q
-paresis
A
partial paralysis
17
Q
-phasia
A
speech
18
Q
-plegia
A
paralysis
19
Q
-algia
A
pain
20
Q
a-
A
without
21
Q
an-
A
without
22
Q
alges/o
A
sensitivity to pain
23
Q
-asthenia
A
strength
24
Q
gli/o
A
gluey substance
25
-kinesia
movement
26
menig/o
meninges
27
neur/o
nerve
28
-praxia
perform
29
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
30
CNS
central nervous system
31
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
32
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
33
EEG
electroencephalogram
34
LP
lumbar puncture
35
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
36
MS
multiple sclerosis
37
PET
positron emission tomography
38
PNS
peripheral nervous system
39
REM
rapid eye movement
40
SNS
somatic nervous system
41
TENS
trancutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
42
TIA
transient ischemic attack
43
absence seizure
a small seizure in which there is a sudden temporary loss of consciousness lasting only a few seconds
44
acetylcholine
chemical substance that facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses from one nerve to another
45
afferent nerves
transmitters of nerve impulses toward the CNS
46
agnosia
loss of mental ability to understand sensory stimuli
47
agraphia
the inability to convert ones thoughts into writing
48
alexia
inability to understand written words
49
aneurysm
a localized dilatation in the wall of an artery that expands with each pulsation of the artery
50
aphasia
inability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs
51
apraxia
inability to perform coordinated movements or use objects properly
52
arachnoid membrane
web like middle layer of the three membranous layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord
53
astrocyte
star-shaped neurogllia cell found in the CNS
54
astrocytoma
tumor of the brain or spinal cord composed of astrocytes
55
ataxia
without muscular coordination
56
aura
sensation an individual experiences prior to the onset of a migraine headache
57
autonomic nervous system
part that regulates the involuntary vital functions of the body
58
axon
part of the nerve cell that transports nerve impulses away from the nerve cell body
59
blood-brain barrier
protective characteristic of the capillary walls of the brain that prevents the passage of harmful substances
60
burr hole
a hole drilled into the skull using a form of drill
61
caucla equina
the lower end of the spinal cord and the roots of the spinal nerves that occupy the spinal canal
62
causalgia
a sensation of an acute burning pain along the path of a peripheral nerve
63
cephalalgia
headache
64
cerebral concussion
brief interruption of brain function
65
cerebral contusion
small scattered venous hemorrhages in the brain
66
cerebrum
the largest part of the brain
67
cerebellum
part of the brain responsible for coordinating voluntary muscular movement
68
contracture
permanent shortening of a muscle causing a joint to remain in a abnormally flexed position
69
convolution / gyrus
one of the many elevated folds of the surface of the cerebrum
70
dura mater
the outermost of the three membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
71
hemiplegia
full paralysis of one half of the body
72
kinesiology
the study of muscle movement
73
lethargy
a state of being sluggish
74
meninges
the three layers of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
75
nuchal rigidity
rigidity of the neck
76
palliative
soothing
77
paraplegia
paralysis of the lower extremities and trunk, due to spinal cord injury
78
parasympathomimetic
nerves of the ANS that regulate essential involuntary body functions
79
paresthesia
a sensation of numbness or tingling
80
pia mater
the innermost of the three membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
81
pineal body
small cone shaped structure, regulates the body's biological clock
82
pons
part of the brain located between the medulla oblongata and the mid brain
83
rhizotomy
surgical resection of a spinal nerve root
84
subarachnoid space
space located just under the arachnoid membrane contains cerebrospinal fluid
85
subdural space
space located just beneath the dura mater contains serous fluid
86
sympathomimetic
copying or producing the same effects as those of the sympathetic nerves "to mimic"
87
tonic-clonic seizure
seizure characterized by the presence of muscle contraction or tension followed by relaxation creates a "jerking" movement of the body
88
Alzheimer's disease
deterioration of a person's intellectual functioning, a progressive and extremely debilitating
89
anencephaly
absence of the brain and spinal cord at birth
90
bell's palsy
a temporary or permanent unilateral weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the face
91
brain abscess
accumulation of pus located anywhere in the brain tissue
92
cerebral palsy
a collective term used to describe congenital brain damage that is permanent but not progressive
93
cerebrovascular accident CVA
death of a specific portion of the brain tissue (stroke)
94
degenerative disk
the deterioration of the inter vertebral disk
95
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain or spinal cord tissue
96
epilepsy
recurring episodes of excessive irregular electrical activity of the brain
97
grand mal seizure
an epileptic seizure, sudden loss of consciousness and generalized muscular contraction`
98
petit mal seizure
a small seizure, temporary loss of consciousness lasting only a few seconds "absence seizure"
99
Huntington's chorea
an inherited neurological disease, rapid, jerky, involuntary movements and increasing dementia
100
hydrocephalus
an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain that causes the ventricles of the brain to dilate
101
meningitis (acute bacterial)
a serious bacterial infection of the meninges
102
multiple sclerosis MS
a degenerative inflammatory disease of the CNS attacking the myelin sheath in the spinal cord and brain
103
myasthenia gravis
chronic progressive neuromuscular disorder
104
neuroblastoma
highly malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system
105
Parkinson's disease
a degenerative, slowly progressive deterioration of nerves in the brain stem's motor system
106
peripheral neuritis
a general term indicating inflammation of one or more peripheral nerves
107
poliomyelitis
poli/o = gray matter, myel/o= spinal cord, -itis= inflammation
108
reye's syndrome
an acute brain encephalopathy along with fatty infiltration of the internal organs
109
meningocele
a cyst-like sac covered with skin or a thin membrane protruding through the bony defect in the vertebrae containing meninges
110
meningomyelocele
a cyst-like sac covered with skin or a thin membrane protruding through the bony defect in the vertebrae that contains meninges
111
tay-sachs disease
congenital disorder caused by altered lipid metabolism resulting from an enzyme deficiency
112
trigeminal neuralgia
short periods of severe unilateral pain, radiates along the fifth cranial nerve
113
babinsk's reflex
stroke the sole of foot beginning at mid-heal and moving upward and lateral to the toes
114
laminectomy
surgical removal of the bony arches from one or more of the vertebrae to relieve pressure on spinal cord
